在博茨瓦纳,神经管缺陷的儿童的长期结果
Arielle Isaacson1,2,3, Modiegi Diseko4, Judith Mabuta4
1Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. arielle.isaacson@childrens.harvard.edu.
BMC pediatrics
|November 22, 2025
概括
神经管缺陷 (NTDs) 在博茨瓦纳造成显著的早期死亡率和残疾. 改善产后监测,及时干预,如分流安置和更好的残疾支持对于受影响的儿童至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 遗传异常研究 研究 研究 生产异常
- 低收入和中等收入国家的公共卫生.
背景情况:
- 主要先天性异常 (CA) 不成比例地影响低收入和中等收入国家.
- 神经管缺陷 (NTD) 是博茨瓦纳常见的CA.
- 之前没有关于博茨瓦纳NTD儿童的长期结果的研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查在博茨瓦纳诊断出NTD的婴儿的长期健康结果,包括死亡率和残疾.
- 建立关于博茨瓦纳NTD流行率和生存率的基线数据.
- 为患有NTD的儿童提供潜在干预措施和支持系统的信息.
主要方法:
- 博茨瓦纳8-18家医院的潜在出生结果监测 (2014年8月至2023年5月).
- 助产士进行的表面检查确定了活胎和死胎婴儿的主要CA,包括NTD.
- 通过医疗记录和采访对患有NTD的儿童进行随访,其照顾者同意摄影.
主要成果:
- 178名婴儿 (0.068%) 患有NTD;55.6%的婴儿死生或在出院前死亡.
- 在出院时还活着的人中,42%的人在5个月的中位年龄之前去世.
- 在幸存者中,71%的人患有身体残疾,36%的人患有智力/发育障碍.
结论:
- 在博茨瓦纳,NTD是早期死亡和残疾的主要原因.
- 对受影响儿童的现有支持系统是有限的.
- 需要专注于产后监测,手术护理 (例如,分流安置) 和残疾支持的干预措施来改善结果.
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