揭示儿童野火准备的差异:一个新的,混合方法框架,用于家庭的弹性
Natasha Gill1, Danica B Liberman2, Ed Avol3
1Division of Emergency & Transport Medicine; Department of Pediatrics; Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Keck School of Medicine at USC.
The Journal of pediatrics
|November 23, 2025
概括
许多家庭缺乏防火准备,特别是西班牙裔/拉丁裔家庭和租户. 需要有针对性的干预措施来提高儿童的安全和抵御野火威胁的弹性.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
背景情况:
- 野火对社区构成越来越大的威胁,特别影响儿童的健康和安全.
- 现有的研究往往忽视了家庭为野火事件做好准备的具体差异.
- 了解这些差距对于开发有效的公共卫生干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定不同家庭在儿科野火准备中的差异和系统性障碍.
- 评估家庭对野火的准备,包括项目,行动和整体准备.
- 探索影响护理人员准备的因素,并确定新的干预机会.
主要方法:
- 采用混合方法的方法,使用适应识字率的调查 (N=75) 和与护理人员的半结构面试 (N=9).
- 在城市儿科急诊室招聘英语和西班牙语的儿童护理人员.
- 分析结合多变量回归,定性编码和融合方法来评估野火准备结果 (WIP,WAP,WOP).
主要成果:
- 调查中有一半的家庭表现出不充分的野火准备.
- 虽然项目准备率 (WIP: 80.6%) 很高,但行动准备率 (WAP: 18.6%) 显著下降.
- 较低的社会经济地位,年轻的照顾者年龄,西班牙裔/拉丁裔种族以及财务压力因素与准备能力的降低有关. 租户面临着系统的障碍,而孩子的慢性病则提高了准备能力.
结论:
- 在儿科野火准备方面存在重大不平等,威胁到儿童的健康和弹性.
- 需要采取紧急,有针对性的行动,包括增加对烟雾减缓用品的获取和改善租户安全.
- 加强学校和社区的野火应对计划对于解决发现的差距至关重要.
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