高收入国家中风风险因素的公众意识:系统审查
Mc Lernon S1, Appiah B1, Moorley C1
1College of Health and Life Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK.
概括
在高收入国家 (HICs),公众对中风风险因素的认识较低,阻碍了预防. 需要更多多样化,强大的研究来理解和提高公众对中风预防策略的知识.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 提高健康意识 提高健康意识
背景情况:
- 脑卒中是高收入国家 (HIC) 的一个主要健康问题,年轻人群中的发病率越来越高.
- 尽管在很大程度上是可以预防的,但公众对HIC中风风险因素的了解不足.
- 这项研究解决了评估中风风险因素意识水平和HIC中相关因素的需要.
研究的目的:
- 评估世界银行的高收入国家中关于中风风险因素的公众意识的现状.
- 在这些人群中识别与中风风险因素意识相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (Ovid MEDLINE,PsycINFO等) 中进行了系统的文献搜索. ) 的情况.
- 两位作者独立选了研究,提取了数据,并使用批判性评估技能计划的检查清单评估了偏见风险.
- 由于研究异质性,进行了叙事综合和探索性分析,包括视觉映射和跨国比较.
主要成果:
- 23项研究符合纳入标准,其中大多数表明公众对中风风险因素的认识较低.
- 高血压,吸烟,脂质失调和糖尿病是最被认可的危险因素,而久坐不动的生活方式,酒精,种族和心房动是最不被认可的.
- 高等教育与更高的意识相关,但观察到重要的地理聚类,大多数研究来自中东国家.
结论:
- 在HIC中,中风风险因素意识研究存在显著差距,包括多元人群的代表性不足和缺乏标准化指标.
- 普遍存在的意识差距可能会阻碍有效的中风预防工作.
- 迫切需要在HIC中对不同人群进行大规模,方法上健全的研究,以告知有针对性的公共卫生教育和初级预防策略.
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