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Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...

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Photoselective Vaporesection of the Prostate via an End-firing Lithium Triborate Crystal Laser

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目前用于内分泌学应用的激光源和技术.

Frédéric Panthier¹, Steeve Doizi¹, Laurent Berthe²

¹Endolase Lab, GRC 20-Sorbonne University - PIMM Lab Arts et Métiers Paris Tech, 75020 Paris, France; Service d'Urologie, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75020 Paris, France; PIMM, UMR 8006 CNRS-Arts et Métiers ParisTech, 151, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; Endourology Technology Section of European Association of Urology (EAU), Arnhem, Netherlands; Progressive Endourological Association for Research and Leading Solutions (PEARLS), Paris, France.

The French journal of urology

|November 23, 2025

概括

本综述详细介绍了用于内分泌的激光技术,重点是脉冲激光器,如Holmium:YAG (Ho:YAG),图纤维激光器 (TFL) 和脉冲图:YAG (p-Tm:YAG). 这些激光对于现代内分泌学手术至关重要.

关键词:

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科学领域:

泌尿器科泌尿器科泌尿器科泌尿器科
激光技术激光技术激光技术
内分泌病学在内分泌病学.

背景情况:

激光器是现代内分泌学中不可或缺的工具.
了解可用的激光源及其技术原理对于有效应用至关重要.

研究的目的:

为提供当前在内分泌手术中使用的激光源的详细概述.
描述这些激光系统的基础技术.

主要方法:

进行了非系统的文献综述.
在PubMed/Medline,Scopus和Cochrane数据库中进行了搜索,没有时间限制.
介绍了研究结果的叙事综合.

主要成果:

通常使用的脉冲激光器包括Holmium:YAG (Ho:YAG),图纤维激光器 (TFL) 和脉冲图:YAG (p-Tm:YAG).
高:YAG激光器提供高达30W的MAP,而TFL提供更高的频率 (≤2000Hz) 和高达60W的MAP.
脉冲图立:YAG (p-Tm:YAG) 激光器在单个腔内提供100W MAP的妥协方案. 连续波激光器,如KTP,TFL和Tm:YAG也经常使用.

结论:

脉冲激光 (Ho:YAG,TFL,p-Tm:YAG) 和连续激光 (KTP,TFL,Tm:YAG) 是内分泌学中最常见的技术.
激光技术的选择取决于具体的内分泌学应用和所需的结果.