用于从水中去除重金属的废物衍生和常规吸附剂的比较研究
Małgorzata Wojtkowska1, Wioletta Barszcz2,3, Jan Bogacki2
1Warsaw University of Technology, 00-653, Nowowiejska 20, Warsaw, Poland. malgorzata.wojtkowska@pw.edu.pl.
Scientific reports
|November 23, 2025
概括
农业废物吸收剂,如堆肥和子,有效地从水中去除重金属. 这些天然材料为环境修复提供了合成吸附剂的有希望的替代品.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 废物管理 废物管理
背景情况:
- 水溶液中的重金属污染对环境和健康构成重大风险.
- 传统的重金属清除方法往往涉及高成本,并产生二次废物.
- 探索可持续和具有成本效益的吸附剂材料对于有效的水资源整治至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估各种废弃物衍生吸附剂 (咖啡粉,子,堆肥) 与酸盐和托尼特相比的有效性,用于重金属的去除.
- 描述吸附剂的物理和化学特性,包括表面积,毛孔结构和功能组.
- 为了确定每个吸附剂的重金属去除效率,用于,,和铜.
主要方法:
- 使用BET进行表面积,BJH和DFT用于孔隙分析,以及FTIR用于功能组的吸附剂表征.
- 进行了批量吸附实验,以评估从水溶液中去除重金属的情况.
- 清除效率是根据使用的吸附剂质量和剩余的重金属度来计算的.
主要成果:
- 吸附剂在毛孔结构和特定表面积上表现出显著的变化 (本托尼特:40 m2/g,咖啡粉:2 m2/g).
- FTIR分析证实了吸附剂上存在不同的功能组 (例如,C=O,C-O-C,O-H).
- 使用0.1g的吸附剂,实现了高的去除效率:95%的Zn (奇托),99%的Cu (堆肥),95%的Pb (子) 和72%的Cd (子).
结论:
- 从废物中提取的吸附剂 (堆肥,子) 显示出从水溶液中去除重金属的高潜力.
- 吸附剂的有效性与它们的表面积,毛孔特性和功能组有关.
- 发现本托尼特是分析的吸收剂中最不有效的吸收剂,突出了农业废物材料的优势.
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