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学校CBT对低风险儿童和青少年的长期影响:贝叶斯的元分析
Xiangying Zhang1, Zhide Liang2, Jihye Kang1
1Dongshin University, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea.
Journal of clinical psychology
|November 24, 2025
概括
全球性基于学校的认知行为疗法 (CBT) 在低风险的年轻人中显示出对抑郁和焦虑的小但持久的预防作用. 需要进一步的高质量试验来确认其实际价值.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年心理健康 儿童和青少年心理健康
- 预防心理学 预防心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 儿童和青少年的抑郁和焦虑是普遍存在的公共卫生问题.
- 现有的学校认知行为疗法 (CBT) 研究主要针对高风险群体.
- 在理解CBT对低风险学生群体普遍预防的有效性方面存在差距.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于学校的通用CBT对低风险儿童和青少年抑郁和焦虑的短期和长期影响.
- 为优化积极主动,全校范围的心理健康策略提供证据.
- 解决关于CBT在一般学生群体中的预防性影响的数据需求.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (MEDLINE,Embase,Cochrane,Web of Science,PsyInfo) 进行系统的文献搜索,截至2025年1月.
- 包括随机对照试验 (RCT) 调查低风险青年在学校进行的CBT.
- 贝叶斯层次模型用于配对和回归元分析的应用.
主要成果:
- 对31项涉及19865名参与者的RCT进行了分析.
- 与对照人群相比,抑郁症状 (SMD: -0.06) 和焦虑症状 (SMD: -0.19) 在统计学上显著,略有改善.
- 在长达一年的时间内观察到持续的效果;男性在减少焦虑方面可能获得更大的益处.
结论:
- 第一个元分析证据表明,基于学校的通用CBT在低风险青年中产生了小而持久的预防作用.
- 目前的证据质量很低,阻止了广泛实施.
- 调查结果显示有希望,需要投资大规模,高质量的试验,以验证现实世界的有效性.
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