大脑行为维度的深度学习在患有多动症和焦虑障碍的青少年中识别了跨诊断生物型
Yong Jiao1,2, Xiaoyu Tong2, Gregory A Fonzo3
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital, Iowa City, IA, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|November 24, 2025
概括
新的深度学习模型揭示了青少年心理健康的大脑行为维度和亚型. 这些基于生物学的方法为注意力缺陷/多动症和焦虑症提供了更好的理解和早期分类.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 和焦虑障碍在年轻人中很常见,显示出显著的重叠和变化.
- 目前基于症状的诊断类别限制了对潜在神经生物学的理解,并阻碍了特定的治疗方法.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个深度学习框架,整合大脑连接,认知和行为,以确定可解释的维度和生物基础的亚型 (生物型).
- 解决青少年心理健康的跨诊断复杂性和异质性.
主要方法:
- 创建了一个深度学习模型,以整合功能连接数据与认知和行为测量.
- 该模型应用于青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 数据集 (N=3,508) 并在健康大脑网络 (HBN) 队列 (N=224) 上验证.
主要成果:
- 确定了两个可重现的大脑行为维度,解释了认知控制和情感注意力调节的变化.
- 这些维度定义了三个不同的生物型,具有独特的症状概况和大脑发育轨迹.
- 生物型特征在独立的队列中得到验证,并在早期观察到,甚至在症状出现之前.
结论:
- 大脑-行为维度提供了一个强大的工具,以了解青年的异质精神病学表现.
- 这种基于生物学的框架支持早期分类,并有可能在青少年心理健康中进行临床转化.
- 这些发现推动了基于维度和生物型的方法来理解复杂的神经发育障碍.
相关概念视频
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
722
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
722
Modeling in Therapy
366
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
366
Human Genetics
1.4K
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
1.4K
Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs
978
Behavior genetics explores how genetic inheritance influences human behavior. It focuses on how genes, passed from parents to offspring, contribute to the development of behavioral traits and tendencies. This branch of genetics seeks to understand the complex interplay between inherited genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping our behaviors.
The primary methodologies used in behavior genetics include family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies, each providing unique...
The primary methodologies used in behavior genetics include family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies, each providing unique...
978
Introduction to Biological Bases of Psychology
4.4K
Biopsychology serves as a vital bridge connecting the intricate domains of biology and psychology, shedding light on how biological systems influence psychological phenomena. This field scrutinizes the biological substrates of behavior and mental processes, emphasizing the nervous system along with the roles of neurotransmitters, hormones, and genetics. It also incorporates evolutionary perspectives to explain the adaptive nature of mental functions.
The nervous system, the cornerstone of...
The nervous system, the cornerstone of...
4.4K
Dissociative Identity Disorder
647
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously termed multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. Each identity exhibits unique patterns of behavior, voice, and mannerisms and may possess separate memories and emotional responses. The alternating control between identities can result in memory gaps and challenges in recalling daily activities, often exacerbating the individual's...
647


