在出生时BCG接种疫苗塑造了9周大时MR1T细胞的TCR使用和功能概况
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|November 24, 2025
概括
这项研究探讨了婴儿MR1-受限制的T细胞 (MR1T) 在BCG疫苗接种后是否发展出免疫记忆. 研究结果表明MR1T细胞可能会产生回忆反应,这表明疫苗诱导的记忆可能存在.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是全球主要的传染性死亡原因,儿童受到影响不成比例.
- BCG疫苗接种广泛使用,但其局限性需要新的疫苗策略.
- 限制MR1的T细胞通过MR1识别微生物抗原,并具有先天性和适应性免疫特征.
研究的目的:
- 调查婴儿BCG疫苗接种后MR1T细胞中免疫记忆的潜力.
- 为了确定MR1T细胞在BCG暴露后是否表现出克隆扩张和改变基因表达.
主要方法:
- 从BCG接种和延迟接种疫苗的婴儿收集了周围血液单核细胞 (PBMC).
- 对MR1/5-OP-RU四聚体阳性MR1T细胞进行了分类,并接受单细胞RNA和TCR测序.
- 用TCRdist3分析TCR序列以确定克隆扩张.
主要成果:
- 接种BCG疫苗的婴儿在MR1T细胞中增加了I型干扰素反应基因的表达.
- 在BCG疫苗接种的婴儿中,一组特定的TCRs显著丰富.
- 这种丰富的TCR集群显示了高的促炎和细胞毒性基因表达,表明了召回反应.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了初步证据,表明MR1T细胞可能在BCG疫苗接种后发展出免疫记忆.
- 观察到的克隆扩张和基因表达模式表明,对先前的疫苗接种有召回反应.
- 需要进一步的研究来证实这些克隆扩张的持久性及其抗原回忆能力.
相关概念视频
Development of Immunocompetence
774
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
774
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
14.6K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
14.6K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors
1.4K
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
1.4K
Vaccinations
51.2K
Overview
51.2K
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
8.4K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
8.4K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation
15.8K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
15.8K


