重复的COVID-19疫苗增强剂引起人类的变异特异性记忆B细胞
M Alejandra Tortorici1, Kaitlin R Sprouse1,2, Amin Addetia1
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|November 24, 2025
概括
首次接触SARS-CoV-2的免疫印记会影响COVID-19疫苗的反应. 重复更新的助推器,如JN.1/KP.2,可以通过扩大对新变异的抗体识别来克服这种印记.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 最初接触病原体,包括SARS-CoV-2,建立了免疫印记,影响了随后的免疫反应.
- 原始SARS-CoV-2菌株 (Wu spike) 的免疫印记影响了对当前变种和更新的疫苗的反应.
- 免疫印记在接种疫苗的人群中的程度和持久性以及克服它的策略仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究免疫印记对记忆B细胞和抗体反应的影响,更新后的COVID-19疫苗增剂.
- 评估用抗原上不同的SARS-CoV-2变体重复接种疫苗是否可以克服先前存在的免疫印记.
主要方法:
- 在使用XBB.1.5和JN.1/KP.2更新的COVID-19疫苗助推剂后,对记忆B细胞和血抗体反应的分析.
- 对最近的SARS-CoV-2变体进行抗体中和幅度的评估.
- 在接受单次与多次更新增强剂的个体中,免疫反应的比较.
主要成果:
- JN.1/KP.2助推剂诱导了针对最近的SARS-CoV-2变体的广泛中和抗体,回顾了原始Wu尖的先前免疫力.
- 抗体和记忆B细胞的比例更高,在多次增强剂后识别了新的变异 (XBB.1.5,KP.2) 与单次增强剂相比.
- 识别转向新的变种,表明印记免疫反应发生了变化.
结论:
- 用抗原分离的尖端切割剂重复接种疫苗可以逐渐克服SARS-CoV-2的免疫印记.
- 更新的疫苗增强剂对于扩大免疫反应和维持对不断演变的SARS-CoV-2变种的保护至关重要.
- 这些发现支持疫苗更新和创新,以确保持续的COVID-19保护.
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