核受体-神经递质合将行为与代谢状态联系起来
Porhathai Malaiwong1, Allen F Schroeder2, Tia Brown1
1Dept. of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|November 24, 2025
概括
动物使用脂质神经激素将脂肪代谢与行为联系起来. 这些分子将八胺与脂肪酸结合起来,信号营养状况以控制食物避免等反应.
科学领域:
- 神经内分泌学神经内分泌学
- 代谢信号传递 代谢信号传递
- 行为神经科学 行为神经科学
背景情况:
- 有机体需要灵活地对环境信号做出反应,整合内部代谢状态以获得最佳的生存.
- 细胞间和组织间信号通路对于代谢集成至关重要,但分子编码机制尚不清楚.
- 这种线虫C. elegans提供了一个研究代谢状态如何影响行为的模型.
研究的目的:
- 阐明分子机制,通过它C. elegans集成了脂质代谢状态与行为反应.
- 研究新型信号分子在传递脂肪代谢信息中的作用.
- 了解神经递质信号是如何与脂质平衡协调的.
主要方法:
- 有针对性的代谢组分,以识别脂化神经激素成分.
- 对碳氧化酶CEST-2.1及其在神经激素合成中的作用进行基因分析.
- 行为测试用于评估嗅觉反应和食物清除行为.
- 核受体NHR-49/PPARα参与脂肪代谢调节的研究.
主要成果:
- 在C.I.C.中, elegans利用脂质神经激素,将八胺与脂肪酸结合起来,以信号脂质状况.
- 碳氧化酶CEST-2.1对于合成这些脂化神经激素至关重要,它将八胺糖化物与特定脂肪酸联系起来.
- 脂质神经激素合成或NHR-49/PPARα信号的干扰模仿了缺氧氨酸的行为反应,表明神经传递和脂肪代谢之间的联系.
结论:
- 脂质神经激素作为一个化学代码来整合脂质代谢和神经递质信号传递,以适应性行为.
- 涉及肠道修饰和神经元释放八胺的组织间贩运途径对于这种信号传递至关重要.
- 这种机制突显了动物如何协调内部代谢状态与外部刺激,以驱动适当的行为输出.
相关概念视频
Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors
2.3K
Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
2.3K
Signal Transduction: Overview
11.3K
Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. They respond to chemical signals, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling molecules, initiating a series of molecular reactions to produce an appropriate response. This is called signal transduction. Cells also coordinate different responses elicited by the same signaling molecule via mediators, allowing molecular cross-talk.
Typically, signal transduction involves three...
Typically, signal transduction involves three...
11.3K
The Two-State Receptor Model
3.0K
The two-state receptor model explains a drug's interaction with receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors and ligand-gated ion channels, to induce or inhibit a biological response. When no natural ligands are present, a receptor exists in an equilibrium of inactive (Ri) and active (Ra) conformations. The inactive form does not produce a response, while the active form generates a basal effect known as constitutive activity.
The binding affinity of a drug determines its interaction with...
The binding affinity of a drug determines its interaction with...
3.0K
Regulation of Metabolism
11.4K
Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
11.4K
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting
3.2K
Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
3.2K
Neurochemical Transmission: Sites of Drug Action
3.4K
Neurochemical transmission, the conduction of electrical impulses between neurons mediated by neurotransmitters, plays a vital role in various physiological processes. Autonomic drugs exert their effects by modulating neurotransmission within the autonomic nervous system. For instance, drugs such as hemicholinium block the precursor uptake necessary for synthesizing acetylcholine, an essential autonomic neurotransmitter. Following synthesis, neurotransmitters are stored in vesicles. Metyrosine...
3.4K


