希腊早产和低出生体重的联合负担:全国时间趋势分析
Nikolaos Vlachadis1, Dimos Sioutis1, Chrissi Christodoulaki2
1Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, GRC.
Cureus
|November 24, 2025
概括
自1990年以来,希腊的小脆弱新生儿 (SVN) 患病率,定义为早产和/或低出生体重 (LBW) 婴儿,显著增加,在2023年达到历史峰值. 婴儿早产和LBW都是这一令人担忧的趋势的主要驱动因素.
科学领域:
- 新生儿健康 新生儿健康
- 公共卫生监督 公共卫生监督
- 围产期流行病学 围产期流行病学
背景情况:
- 过早出生和低出生体重 (LBW) 的综合负担作为小型易受伤害的新生儿 (SVN) 的代理.
- 在新生儿中,SVN代表了一个新生儿群体,其死亡率和发病率风险较高.
- 评估SVN的趋势对于理解和应对新生儿健康挑战至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估从1980年到2023年在希腊早产和/或LBW分娩的趋势.
- 分析早产婴儿和LBW新生儿的联合患病率,作为小脆弱新生儿 (SVN) 的衡量标准.
- 确定对SVN人口贡献最大的子类别.
主要方法:
- 在希腊 (1980-2023) 分析了4,585,090例活产婴儿.
- 关节点回归分析以评估早产 (<37周) 和/或LBW (<2,500g) 出生的趋势.
- 估计不同出生体重和妊娠年龄类别的年均百分比变化 (APC) 和95%置信区间 (CI).
主要成果:
- 在1990年之前,SVN的患病率一直在下降,然后在2023年达到15.28%的峰值,主要是由于1990-2010年间的增加.
- 过早LBW分娩的比例从1.69% (1991) 显著增加到7.14% (2023),成为最大的SVN份额.
- 预产期LBW新生儿数量下降,而预产期非LBW新生儿数量在最初的增加后稳定下来.
结论:
- 自1990年以来,希腊早产和/或LBW新生儿的患病率明显增加,到2023年达到顶峰.
- 新生儿早产和LBW都是这种增长的主要驱动力,构成了最大的SVN份额.
- 作为国家公共卫生战略,迫切优先考虑早产和LBW出生预防是必不可少的.
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