在最近发病的精神病中,基于症状的子组的多模式生物概况
Nicholaos Koutsouleris1, Madalina O Buciuman2, Clara Vetter2
1Ludwig Maximillian University.
Research square
|November 24, 2025
概括
研究人员在早期精神病中确定了四个不同的患者亚组,揭示了共同的生物学基础和独特的神经生物学脆弱性,这些脆弱性有助于精神病障碍的症状多样性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 精神病的症状多样性对识别生物标志物提出了挑战.
- 了解这些不同的表现对于开发向治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 根据近期发病精神病的症状模式,识别出不同的患者子组.
- 研究神经生物学基础 (神经认知,脑成像,遗传风险),区分这些子组和健康对照.
主要方法:
- 利用了PRONIA研究中362名近期患者的阳性和阴性症状量表数据.
- 对比了四个已识别的症状子组 (运动/认知,积极,社会退缩,情感) 和338个健康对照组.
- 评估神经认知,脑成像 (功能连接,灰质体积) 和遗传风险.
主要成果:
- 确定了四个具有明显主导症状模式的患者子组.
- 所有患者子组都表现出处理速度受损和功能连接的改变 (传感器运动网络合,默认模式/突出状态/控制网络脱).
- 运动/认知和积极的子组显示前时灰质损失;积极的子组具有更高的遗传风险. 运动/认知组表现出最严重的多式变化,实现了与对照组的高度分离性 (平衡精度=82.1%).
结论:
- 这些发现支持了早期精神病中共享生物功能障碍的模型,模式特定的脆弱性有助于症状异质性.
- 截然不同的神经生物学特征标志着不同的症状子组,这表明了个性化医疗方法在精神病障碍中的潜力.
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