虚弱和心血管疾病:与临床影响的双向关系
Neil Johnson1, Junru Qu1, Kenji Wagatsuma2
1Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine
|November 24, 2025
概括
脆弱性显著增加了老年人心血管疾病 (CVD) 的风险和死亡率. 常规的脆弱性评估和多式干预对于改善患者的治疗结果和个性化心血管护理至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 衰弱和心血管疾病 (CVD) 在老年人群中越来越普遍.
- 脆弱性影响社区居住的老年人中的10%-15%,增加了对压力因素和不良心血管疾病结果的脆弱性.
- 共享的病理生理机制将虚弱与心血管疾病联系在一起,包括慢性炎症和内皮功能障碍.
研究的目的:
- 综合关于脆弱性和心血管疾病之间的相互作用的证据.
- 评估心血管疾病患者当前的脆弱性评估工具和干预措施.
- 强调需要将脆弱性评估纳入常规心血管护理中的必要性.
主要方法:
- 从谷歌学者和PubMed.Med发布的2000-2025年间发表的研究的系统审查.
- 使用的关键词:"脆弱性"",心血管疾病"",脆弱性评估"",多组件干预".
- 对脆弱性患病率,预测价值,评估工具和干预有效性的分析.
主要成果:
- 虚弱的患病率因心血管疾病亚型而异 (30%在CAD中至80%在HF中),并独立预测死亡风险高2.5至3.5倍.
- 对于心血管疾病患者来说,没有黄金标准的脆弱性评估工具;传统的风险得分往往忽略了脆弱性.
- 多模式干预措施,特别是运动和营养的联合 (例如,VIVIFRAIL,SPRINT-T),在改善身体功能和脆弱程度方面表现出有效性.
结论:
- 在心血管保健中,需要进行常规的脆弱性评估,以改善风险分层和个性化治疗.
- 标准化评估工具和为共享途径开发有针对性的干预措施是未来研究的关键方向.
- 将脆弱性视为可修改的风险因素可以显著改善患有心血管疾病的老年人的结果.
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