视网膜特征与心血管疾病之间的因果关系:从遗传相关性,门德尔随机化和跨截面研究的见解
Xuehao Cui1,2, Chao Sun3, Dejia Wen4,5,6
1John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PY, UK.
Global heart
|November 24, 2025
概括
视网膜结构和心血管疾病 (CVD) 之间的遗传联系表明共享的途径. 更薄的视网膜神经纤维层 (RNFL) 与高血压和心肌梗塞 (MI) 的风险更高有关.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 生物标志物 生物标志物
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 是全球主要的死亡原因,患病率越来越高.
- 视网膜的微血管结构为系统血管健康和疾病提供了洞察力.
- 视网膜微血管功能障碍与心血管疾病和其他系统性血管疾病有关.
研究的目的:
- 调查视网膜特征与心血管疾病之间的遗传相关性和因果关系.
- 探索视网膜微观结构和心血管健康之间的共同病因路径.
- 评估视网膜特征作为心血管疾病风险的非侵入性标记物的潜力.
主要方法:
- 来自英国生物银行和FinnGen的全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 数据使用链接不平衡得分回归 (LDSC) 和门德尔随机化 (MR) 来分析.
- 使用光学连贯断层扫描 (OCT) 测量视网膜层厚度的横截面研究.
- 最小绝对收缩和选择操作员 (LASSO) 回归用于心血管疾病风险预测.
主要成果:
- 基因代理较薄的视网膜神经纤维层 (RNFL) 与高血压和心肌梗塞 (MI) 的风险增加相关.
- 基因代理更厚的光受体内段/外段 (PR-IS/OS) 与冠心病和心脏病相关.
- 更薄的视网膜色素表皮 (RPE) 显示与中风风险的反向关联.
- 循环生物标志物如脂蛋白 (Lp),LDL-C和ApoB显示了MR与心血管疾病相关的证据.
- 视网膜层差异和脂质关系在方向上与横截面队列中的遗传发现一致.
结论:
- 视网膜结构特征 (RNFL,PR-IS/OS,RPE厚度) 作为反映系统血管生物学的非侵入性标记.
- 核磁共振分析支持视网膜微观结构和心血管疾病之间共享的病因路径.
- 这些发现需要在更大,更多样化的群体中进行验证,并且不证实直接的临床因果关系.
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