年龄增强的认知能力在老化和临床前AD引起的任务唤起的大脑网络中显示出类似的衰减
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|November 24, 2025
概括
大脑衰老涉及网络变化,即使认知表现有所改善,协同激活/关闭也会下降. 增加的网络协同激活/关闭与老年大脑中更好的任务性能相关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知老龄化 认知老龄化
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
背景情况:
- 大脑衰老,有或没有阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 病理,与网络功能下降和认知障碍有关.
- 然而,一些认知功能,如结晶记忆,随着年龄的增长而得到改善,这挑战了纯粹基于衰退的脑衰老模型.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究大脑网络的连贯性和协同激活/失活如何随着年龄和临床前阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 病理变化而变化.
- 确定网络功能变化与衰老过程中的认知表现之间的关系.
- 为了区分休息状态与任务唤起的大脑网络活动的衰老模式.
主要方法:
- 在259名参与者 (62名年轻人,197名老年人) 的横截面研究中.
- fMRI扫描 (静止状态和基于两个任务的) 和粉样蛋白的正子发射断层扫描 (PET).
- 分析大脑网络的一致性,以及在任务和休息期间的协同激活/禁用.
主要成果:
- 大脑网络的协同激活/失活,而不是连贯性,随着年龄和/或AD病理显著下降,即使是提高绩效的任务.
- 增加网络协同激活/禁用与改善任务性能相关.
- 在连贯性变化之前,任务唤起的禁用随着年龄的增长而减少.
结论:
- 大脑网络的协同激活/失活是关键的功能衰老标志物,与连贯性不同.
- 任务唤起的网络活动在理解大脑衰老和将其与临床前AD区分开来方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 功能衰老涉及网络协同激活/停活的下降,影响认知表现.
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