在患有多种同时出现的精神疾病的儿童中晚年诊断自闭症
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|November 24, 2025
概括
患有更多同时出现的精神疾病的儿童,如抑郁症和多动症,后来被诊断为自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD). 这表明这些孩子可能存在一种独特的自闭症亚型.
科学领域:
- 儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
背景情况:
- 早期诊断自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 对于及时的治疗干预至关重要.
- 影响自闭症诊断年龄的因素仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查同时出现的精神疾病和ASD诊断年龄之间的关系.
- 分析与ASD诊断延迟相关的临床特征.
主要方法:
- 分析了两个大型独立数据集 (RI-CART和SPARK),包括超过50,000名患有自闭症的参与者.
- 检查同时发生的精神疾病 (例如,双相情绪障碍,多动症,抑郁症) 和临床因素 (例如,智力障碍,适应性行为).
主要成果:
- 在两个数据集中,同时出现的精神病的数量和以后的ASD诊断年龄之间发现了显著的关联.
- 患有三种或以上同时出现的疾病的儿童比没有任何疾病的儿童晚得多.
- 抑郁症和ADHD等特定疾病与晚期诊断有关,而强迫症和智力障碍与早期诊断有关.
结论:
- 患有并发精神疾病负担较高的儿童经历了延迟的ASD诊断.
- 患有自闭症儿童的这一子组可能代表一个独特的临床亚型,需要量身定制的方法.
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