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禽流感情况报告-非洲

Celia Abolnik¹

¹Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.

Canadian journal of microbiology

|November 24, 2025

概括

禽流感病毒,包括A/H5N1和A/H7N6等高度致病性禽流感 (HPAI) 菌株,继续影响非洲各地的家禽和野生鸟类. 加强监测和区域合作对于管理这些持续的病毒威胁至关重要.

科学领域:

兽医病毒学兽医病毒学
野生动物生态生态学
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

非洲的多样化环境支持禽流感病毒 (AIV) 生态,特别是巴北极的候鸟.
自2017年以来,非洲大陆一直面临高致病性禽流感 (HPAI) 类别2.3.4.4b A/H5Nx的反复爆发,影响家禽和野生鸟类种群.
最近的流行病包括西非和南非的A/H5N1 (2023-2025) 和南非和莫桑比克的A/H7N6 (2023),以及正在进行的A/H9N2循环.

研究的目的:

总结非洲禽流感病毒爆发的现状和影响.
突出报告不足和监督有限所带来的挑战.
强调需要改进检测方法和区域合作.

主要方法:

对非洲各地区报告的疫情和流行病学数据的审查.
对病毒亚型和类型的分析,涉及最近的动物病.
考虑监控限制和检测方面的潜在进展.

主要成果:

在西非和南部非洲 (2023-2025年) 发生了A/H5N1 HPAI的重大爆发,影响家禽和危物种.
在南非和莫桑比克 (2023) 爆发了一场前所未有的A/H7N6 HPAI疫情,导致数百万只丧生.
非洲各地仍存在A/H9N2病毒,在埃及发现了重新分类的菌株,这使监测工作复杂化.

结论:

非洲仍然是多样化和具有影响力的禽流感病毒菌株的关键热点.
报告不足和监测差距阻碍了全面的流行病学理解.
非侵入性采样技术和加强区域合作对于未来的AIV控制和预防至关重要.

关键词:

A/H7N6 的情况.A/H9N2 的情况.非洲非洲非洲类 2.3.4.4b A/H5Nx 高致病性禽流感病毒

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