多模式机器学习用于的手术决策支持:当前的证据和翻译差距
Mattia Mercier1,2, Luca de Palma1, Nicola Specchio1,3
1Neurology, Epilepsy, and Movement Disorders Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS (full member of European Reference Network EpiCARE), Rome, Italy.
Epilepsia
|November 24, 2025
概括
多模式机器学习 (ML) 通过使用多种数据预测结果来帮助手术. 虽然对抗药性 (DRE) 有希望,但对于临床使用需要进一步的验证和标准化.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗决策支持系统 医疗决策支持系统
背景情况:
- 手术的目的是改善耐药患者 (DRE) 的治疗结果.
- 机器学习 (ML) 提供了增强手术前决策和预测结果的潜力.
- 在这种情况下,多模式数据集成可能会提高ML模型的准确性.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查关于手术多式联机决策支持系统的证据.
- 评估ML的方法质量和临床影响,以预测术后结果.
- 通过使用各种数据模式来综合ML模型性能的发现.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Scopus和Web of Science中按照PRISMA指南进行系统的文献搜索.
- 包含10项报告基于ML的DRE手术预测结果的研究,使用≥2个数据模式.
- 研究设计,数据源,算法,验证,性能和结果定义的提取和分析.
主要成果:
- 大多数研究 (9/10) 整合了神经成像,脑电图 (8/10) 和临床变量 (7/10).
- 性能各不相同,梯度增强实现了高分辨率 (AUC ≈0.95) 和基于剥离的模型较低 (AUC ≈0.67).
- 多模式ML显示了改善自由预测和识别手术候选人的潜力,尽管有局限性.
结论:
- 多模式ML证明了在DRE手术中预测结果和决策支持的前景.
- 临床翻译受到有限的外部/前景验证,不一致的结果测量和可解释性问题的阻碍.
- 未来的研究应该专注于协调的终点,多中心验证和可解释的AI,以改善临床整合.
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