基于人工智能的决策支持系统及其在血管外科和临床实践中的作用
Venkat Ayyalasomayajula1,2, Kevin M Veen3, Jelmer M Wolterink4
1Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
The Journal of cardiovascular surgery
|November 24, 2025
概括
基于人工智能的决策支持系统 (AI-DSS) 通过改善诊断和治疗计划来增强血管外科手术. 挑战包括可解释性,伦理和整合性,但AI-DSS可以提高精度和个性化.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 基于人工智能的决策支持系统 (AI-DSS) 在医学中越来越多地用于诊断,风险评估和治疗规划.
- 血管外科,其依赖于成像,风险分层和复杂的决策,为AI-DSS应用提供了一个重要的领域.
研究的目的:
- 探索AI-DSS在血管外科的当前和潜在应用.
- 确定阻碍在该领域采用AI-DSS的挑战和伦理考虑.
- 概述将AI-DSS整合到血管护理中的未来方向.
主要方法:
- 在血管成像 (细分,斑块检测,狭窄症分类) 中深度学习应用的审查.
- 针对内血管修复 (内泄漏检测,移植可视化) 的手术内人工智能模型的分析.
- 检查腹腔大动脉动脉瘤管理和术后结果 (并发症,生存,重新干预) 的预测模型.
主要成果:
- 人工智能DSS在图像分析中表现出高准确度,与专家性能相当.
- 预测模型增强了动脉瘤风险分层,并预测了术后并发症.
- 像数字双胞胎和可穿戴监控等新兴概念承诺个性化血管护理.
结论:
- 人工智能DSS具有显著的潜力,可以提高血管外科手术的精度,安全性和个性化.
- 收养障碍包括缺乏解释性,道德问题,整合问题,成本和补偿.
- 未来的进展需要外部验证,工作流集成,临床医生共同设计,并专注于透明度和信任.
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