美国影响神经系统疾病的负担:从全球疾病负担2021年研究
John P Ney1, Jaimie D Steinmetz2, Ellen Anderson-Benge3
1Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
JAMA neurology
|November 24, 2025
概括
影响神经系统的疾病影响超过1.8亿美国人,导致严重的残疾. 虽然死亡率下降了,但残疾人寿命 (YLDs) 增加了,这凸显了更好的预防和治疗的必要性.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 神经系统的健康对整体人口福祉至关重要.
- 神经系统疾病和神经系统损伤对公众健康有重大影响.
- 量化这些疾病造成的健康损失对于有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化美国因影响神经系统的疾病而造成的总体健康损失.
- 分析从1990年到2021年的患病率趋势,残疾调整寿命年 (DALYs),残疾生活年 (YLDs) 和丧失寿命年 (YLLs).
- 确定最常见和最具影响力的神经系统疾病.
主要方法:
- 使用2021年全球疾病负担数据进行的横截面研究.
- 对1990年至2021年美国人口数据的分析.
- 检查36种导致神经系统损害的独特疾病,测量DALYs,YLDs,YLLs,死亡和患病率.
主要成果:
- 2021年,有1.803亿人受到神经系统疾病的影响,是导致残疾的主要原因.
- 紧张型头痛,偏头痛和糖尿病神经病变是最常见的疾病.
- 卒中,阿尔茨海默氏症和其他痴呆症,糖尿病神经病变和偏头痛导致了最大的集体残疾 (DALYs).
- 患病率保持稳定,但可归因死亡人数下降,而YLD从1990年到2021年增加.
结论:
- 影响神经系统的疾病非常普遍,是美国残疾的主要原因.
- 降低死亡率导致残疾人生活年数增加.
- 优先考虑预防,治疗和康复策略对于对抗这些疾病至关重要.
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