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Updated: Jan 10, 2026
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动物性肝炎E病毒在猪群中通过环境途径传播 - - 动物动力学分析
Marina Meester1, Cecilia Valenzuela Agüí2,3, Tijs J Tobias1,4
1Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
PLoS pathogens
|November 24, 2025
概括
肝炎E病毒 (HEV) 基因型3在猪之间传播,即使没有直接接触,在农场环境中持续存在. 改进的生物安全措施是减少猪场中这种动物感染风险的关键.
科学领域:
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 肝炎E病毒 (HEV) 基因型3是影响全球养猪场的重大动物性病原体.
- 人类感染通过食用受污染的猪肉而发生,这凸显了对猪的HEV控制的必要性.
- 对HEV传播动态和农场内的控制策略的有限理解阻碍了有效的公共卫生干预.
研究的目的:
- 调查商业养猪场内HEV传播途径和动态.
- 量化HEV传输率并确定影响传播的因素.
- 为猪群中HEV控制提供基于证据的建议.
主要方法:
- 在两个荷兰养猪场进行了9个月的纵向研究,每周在三个猪批次中抽取三个分区的样本.
- 收集和每周测试环境和笔样本.
- 从阳性笔中测序HEV分离物,以生成遗传学数据.
- 综合流行病学和遗传学数据以建模传播和估计有效繁殖数量 (Re).
主要成果:
- HEV在养殖场环境中表现出持久性,促进了空间和时间分离的猪之间的传播.
- 遗传学分析显示,在一个农场的不同批次中,HEV菌株在不同区间内聚集在一起.
- 农场B在单个区间内显示出有效的间传播 (Re = 3.6),而严格的生物安全措施可能阻止了其在其他地区的传播.
- 农场A在所有采样和批次中表现出广泛的HEV存在,这表明多种传播途径和环境持久性.
结论:
- 即使在没有直接接触住房的情况下,HEV基因型3也可以有效地在猪之间传播,主要是通过环境污染.
- 有效的生物安全措施对于防止HEV传播和减少养猪场内的动物感染风险至关重要.
- 了解农场层面的传播动态对于制定有针对性的控制策略来保护动物和人类健康至关重要.
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