多发性硬化症中的残疾恶化现象和疾病修饰治疗的影响
Ermelinda De Meo1,2, Ilaria Addazio2, Emilio Portaccio2
1Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom.
Neurology
|November 24, 2025
概括
确定了四种不同的多发性硬化症 (MS) 残疾恶化表型,主要是由不依赖复发活动 (PIRA) 的进展驱动的. 早期和快速恶化的表型显示出更多的中枢神经系统 (CNS) 参与,并从高效疾病修饰疗法 (DMT) 中获益最多.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 临床研究 临床研究
背景情况:
- 多发性硬化症 (MS) 患者的结果在残疾进展和治疗反应方面存在显著差异.
- 预测哪些多发性硬化患者会经历残疾恶化并受益于高效疾病修饰疗法 (DMT) 仍然是一个临床挑战.
研究的目的:
- 在复发性多发性硬化症患者中识别明显的残疾恶化的表型.
- 调查这些表型的潜在机制,包括不依赖复发活动的进展 (PIRA).
- 评估DMT对跨已识别的表型的残疾轨迹的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项多中心队列研究分析了使用倾向匹配队列的治疗和未治疗MS患者的临床和MRI数据.
- 隐性类混合模型根据未经治疗的患者的扩展残疾状态量表 (EDSS) 评分确定了残疾恶化的表型.
- 一个随机森林算法将被治疗的患者分为表型,线性混合效应模型评估了DMT的影响.
主要成果:
- 在未经治疗的多发性硬化症患者中确定了四种表型:"最小恶化" (15%),"晚期恶化" (70%),"早期恶化" (3%) 和"快速恶化" (12%).
- 复发活动独立的进展 (PIRA) 是所有表型中残疾累积的主要机制.
- "早期恶化"和"快速恶化"的表型显示出基线大脑和脊髓损伤的增加.
- 在所有表型中,DMT减少了残疾累积;高效的DMT和早期升级对"快速恶化"组特别有益.
结论:
- 在复发性多发性硬化症中确定了四种临床相关的残疾恶化表型,主要是由PIRA驱动的.
- 具有更大的中枢神经系统 (CNS) 参与的表型与早期和更快的残疾进展相关.
- 这些源自EDSS数据的表型可以帮助个性化MS治疗策略和响应评估.
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