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对外来鸟类影响的管理并不反映它们的严重程度

Thomas Evans¹, Ross N Cuthbert²

¹Bristol Veterinary School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford, UK; Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Journal of environmental management

|November 24, 2025

概括

对外来鸟类影响的管理优先考虑特有物种,但忽视严重威胁. 可行性,而不是严重性,驱动管理决策,强调对生物入侵进行及时干预的必要性.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
保护生物学保护生物学
环境科学环境科学

背景情况:

生物入侵,特别是外来鸟类的入侵,对本土生物多样性构成重大威胁,是全球物种灭绝的主要原因.
对外来物种影响的管理不一致,需要了解影响保护行动的因素,以提高有效性.

研究的目的:

确定影响外来鸟类对本地动物的影响管理决策的关键因素.
了解为什么外来鸟类对生物多样性的某些影响仍然没有得到管理,并为更一致的保护努力制定战略.

主要方法:

进行了全面的文献审查,以识别和分类外来鸟类对本土动物群的影响,即管理或未管理.
对于每个影响,收集了有关本地物种 (流行,威胁状况),外来物种 (居住时间),影响严重程度和环境因素 (人口密度) 的数据.
双项混合效应模型被用来分析这些变量与管理行动的可能性之间的关联.

主要成果:

管理行动不成比例地侧重于保护特有本地物种,无论影响的严重程度或本地物种的整体威胁水平如何.
影响严重程度和本地物种威胁状况在驱动管理决策方面的影响力不大,而不是可行性等因素.
长期存在且对生物多样性有重大影响的外来鸟类种群往往仍未得到管理,因为人们认为管理大规模,广泛的种群会带来高成本和困难.

结论:

对外来鸟类影响的保护管理往往是由可行性而不是生态严重性或威胁驱动的,这导致了对关键威胁的潜在忽视.
在影响变得太广泛和昂贵,无法有效管理之前,迫切需要及时对生物入侵进行干预.
提高管理的一致性需要在战略上转向解决最具生态意义的威胁,无论管理挑战是什么.

关键词:

外星鸟类外星鸟类外来物种外来物种.生物多样性生物多样性生物入侵生物入侵保护科学保护科学环境影响评估环境影响评估侵入性物种是一种入侵性物种.管理优先级的管理优先级.

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