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在创伤后脑损伤的早期阶段改善执行功能和自我意识的干预措施:系统性审查

Rotem Eliav¹, Aliza Sagiv², Yael Nadler Tzadok²

¹Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave., Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel; Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Professions, Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 35 Klachkin St., Tel-Aviv, Israel; Department of Occupational Therapy, Loewenstein Rehabilitation Medical Center, Ra'anana, 278, Ahuza St, Ra'anana, Israel.

Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine

|November 24, 2025

概括

认知干预措施在创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 后对早期执行功能和自我意识的改善充满希望. 然而,需要更多高质量的研究来确认TBI早期阶段的有效性.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
康复医学康复医学康复医学
临床心理学临床心理学

背景情况:

目前针对创伤后脑损伤 (TBI) 的认知康复指南侧重于执行功能和自我意识障碍的元认知策略.
现有的研究主要针对TBI后的慢性阶段,这可能会限制研究结果适用于早期恢复阶段.

研究的目的:

评估旨在提高TBI后早期执行功能或自我意识的认知干预措施的有效性.

主要方法:

在多个数据库 (Psycinfo,Ovid Medline,CINAHL,Cochrane,Embase) 进行了系统的文献搜索,截至2024年3月25日.
包括的研究涉及执行功能或TBI后自我意识的认知干预,至少具有IV级证据.
分析了17项研究 (TBI后的957名成年人),包括随机对照试验和非随机设计,严格选和偏见评估.

主要成果:

针对执行职能的干预措施,包括基于VR,元认知和补救方法,显示出积极的结果.
自我意识的改善与包含反和任务绩效分析的干预措施有关.
显著的异质性和低质量的证据,由于不一致性和偏见的高风险,有限的概括性和最终建议.

结论:

关于TBI后早期的认知干预,存在很大的研究差距.
未来的研究应该采用标准化的评估和干预方案,以提高可比性,并加强早期认知康复的证据基础.

关键词:

认知训练是一种认知训练.执行职能执行职能执行职能超认知 (Metacognition) 是一种表认知.创伤性脑损伤是一种创伤性脑损伤.

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Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

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