在低收入和中等收入国家实施喘息自主管理:共同设计用于印度的喘息自主管理资源
Joseph Clark1, Naveen Salins2, Mark Pearson1
1Wolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, University of Hull, Hull, UK.
NPJ primary care respiratory medicine
|November 25, 2025
概括
这项研究共同设计了印度的喘息自我管理干预措施,将资源适应当地需求. 该干预措施赋予患者和社区卫生工作者权力,解决文化因素,以更好地管理喘息.
科学领域:
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 喘息严重影响全球健康和经济.
- 高收入国家现有的自我管理干预措施需要适应印度等低收入和中等收入国家.
- 印度的文化信仰,语言和医疗保健系统为喘息管理带来了独特的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 为印度共同设计文化上适当的呼吸困难自我管理资源.
- 通过参与方法和程序理论来调整基于证据的干预措施.
- 开发一个多元组件,社区可交付的干预方案,以适应印度环境.
主要方法:
- 雇员社区参与型研究 (CBPR) 和计划理论.
- 召集了各种各样的利益相关者群体:医生,护士,医疗保健专业人员,有生活经验的个人和社区卫生工作者 (ASHAs).
- 进行了代证据综合和三轮利益相关者研讨会,以获得反和共同设计.
主要成果:
- 确定了七个关键的干预领域:识别呼吸困难,开发共享语言,解决恐惧,建立弹性,日常应对策略和社区化交付.
- 与社区卫生工作者 (ASHAs) 和利益相关者共同开发培训课程,教育资源和面向公众的材料.
- 成功设计了印度第一个多组件,社区可交付的呼吸困难自我管理干预措施.
结论:
- 使用参与和理论驱动方法的共同设计对于开发特定环境的健康干预措施是有效的.
- 开发的干预措施涉及关键领域,并利用社区卫生基础设施 (ASHAs) 进行交付.
- 进一步实施-有效性混合评估是必要的,以评估可行性,可接受性和患者影响.
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