由MAPK驱动的上皮细胞可塑性驱动着结直肠癌的治疗耐药性
Mark White1,2,3, Megan L Mills1,2, Laura M Millett1,2
1Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK.
Nature
|November 25, 2025
概括
在结直肠癌 (CRC) 中的MAPK通路抑制剂可以通过促进干细胞状况引起耐药性. 针对细胞可塑性,特别是在早期或Wnt突变瘤中,可以提高治疗效率.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 分子生物学
- 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 呈现出快速的上皮再生,这种能力被瘤所吸收.
- 在CRC中,KRAS和BRAF的突变是常见的,激活MAPK信号.
- MAPK途径抑制剂通常会出现临床耐药性.
研究的目的:
- 在临床前CRC模型中研究对MAPK向治疗的耐药性机制.
- 了解MAPK信号传递及其抑制如何影响CRC上皮质可塑性和干细胞表型.
- 确定克服CRC治疗耐药性的策略.
主要方法:
- 使用了先进的临床前结直肠癌模型.
- 在体内分析由瘤MAPK信号引起的表皮状况变化.
- 在MAPK通路抑制后检查了转录重塑.
- 限制可塑性或特定突变的模型中评估的治疗反应 (例如,RNF43).
主要成果:
- 瘤性MAPK信号驱使CRC细胞进入再生的干细胞状态.
- 抑制MAPK引发了快速的转录变化,促进了Wnt相关的干表型,导致了耐药性.
- 在KRAS突变模型中,耐药性是急性,在BRAF突变模型中则是延迟的.
- 抑制可塑性或向Wnt路径突变 (RNF43) 导致显著的治疗反应.
结论:
- 细胞可塑性对于结直肠癌的治疗反应至关重要.
- 了解MAPK抑制剂的耐药性机制是改善CRC治疗的关键.
- 针对干细胞命运和上皮质可塑性的策略有望提高MAPK抑制剂的疗效.
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