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超越"掠夺"和"生存":对于理解雪鞋子周期的人口变化的重要性

Marlène Gamelon¹, Nigel Gilles Yoccoz²

¹Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, UMR 5558 Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.

The Journal of animal ecology

|November 25, 2025

概括

雪鞋种群周期是由特定年龄的生存和繁殖率驱动的,这些生存和繁殖率因种群阶段和季节而异. 这项研究揭示了影响人口动态的生命历史策略中的可塑性.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
人口动态人口动态
动物生态动物生态学

背景情况:

生态学家对野生物种丰富度的规律周期感到好奇.
人口周期理论往往只关注生存变化.
人口周期中生殖率的作用不太清楚.

研究的目的:

评估驱动子人口周期的人口结构机制.
确定特定年龄生存率和生殖率对人口周期的贡献.
调查关键速率对阶段和季节的特定贡献.

主要方法:

利用了43年来加拿大尤肯州雪鞋 (Lepus americanus) 种群的数据.
雇佣了超过7000只雪鞋子的个人监控.
应用了最先进的捕获-标记-重新捕获建模框架.

主要成果:

特定年龄的生命率 (生存和繁殖) 在周期性阶段 (增加,峰值,下降,低) 和繁殖期 (早期,中期,晚期) 中对人口增长产生不同影响.
在增加阶段,提高繁殖概率, litter 尺寸和断奶前生存率是关键因素.
较低的断奶前存活率解释了人口减少,观察到显著的季节性相互作用.

结论:

雪鞋的种群周期受到特定年龄的复杂相互作用的影响,这些生命速率因季节和种群周期相异.
生命史策略表现出可塑性,根据季节和周期阶段,人口采用"快速"或"缓慢"的策略.
这项研究增强了对人口周期的机制性理解,强调了生存率和生殖率的重要性.

关键词:

这是一个循环循环的循环.生命史生命史的人生史矩阵人口模型的模型.生殖生殖的繁殖.季节季节季节季节幸存率幸存率生存率

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