二世森林碎片化形成了亚洲热带地区巨型松鼠 (Ratufa) 的物种化
Arlo Hinckley1,2, Gonzalo E Pinilla-Buitrago3, Jesús E Maldonado4
1Division of Mammals, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA.
Molecular ecology
|November 25, 2025
概括
对东方大松鼠 (Ratufa) 的基因组研究揭示了气候冷却和地质变化如何推动亚洲热带地区的物种化. 这项研究强调了这些依赖森林的哺乳动物的低估多样性和快速矮体进化.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 古气候学 古气候学
背景情况:
- 热带亚洲的动态地质和气候历史促进了高度的生物多样性.
- 东方大松鼠 (Ratufa) 是依赖森林的树木物种,非常适合研究区域多样化.
研究的目的:
- 重建拉图法松鼠的进化历史.
- 研究亚洲热带地区古林分布和物种化之间的相互作用.
- 评估古气候和地质事件对Ratufa多样化的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用完整的线粒体基因组和核超保存元素进行的基因组学分析.
- 差异时间估计.
- 使用博物馆标本的利基建模.
主要成果:
- 全球古气候冷却和构造上升 (喜马拉雅山脉,西藏高原) 导致了米奥森中期难民区的全方位物种形成.
- 草原的扩张和古河 (北桑达,公河) 促进了替代性和物种化.
- 确定了R. bicolor*和R. affinis*在物种层面的多样性的潜在低估,支持将R. gigantea*作为不同的物种.
结论:
- 拉图法多样化与其他常青森林依赖物种同步,受到古气候和古地理的影响.
- 突出了三个Ratufa血统中矮体的快速,独立的进化.
- 提供了对受威胁的亚洲热带哺乳动物历史生物地理和保护需求的见解.
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