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巴西低收入小农对授粉者减少的收益脆弱性取决于生物群

Willams Oliveira¹, Rafaella Guimarães Porto², Oswaldo Cruz-Neto¹

¹Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.

|November 25, 2025

概括

传粉器的故障威胁到巴西的农业,影响作物生产和粮食安全. 多样化,对授粉者友好的农业对脆弱的农民和生态系统健康至关重要.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
农业科学农业科学
保护生物学保护生物学

背景情况:

由于农业造成的息地丧失和退化对全球生态系统和人类福祉产生影响.
退化农业区的授粉者减少减少了作物授粉和粮食生产,特别是在巴西等主要粮食生产国家.

研究的目的:

调查巴西的授粉者失败脆弱性,授粉的经济价值 (EVP),农田面积,农民收入,息地丧失和人类足迹之间的联系.
检查巴西各市镇和植物地理领域收入不平等的社会经济预测因素.

主要方法:

评估了农作物对动物授粉的依赖性和市政当局对授粉者失败的脆弱性.
与社会经济指标 (HDI,GDP),息地丧失,农田面积,人类足迹和农民收入水平相关的脆弱性和EVP.
分析了脆弱性的社会经济和生物群特异性差异,特别是排除了大豆的影响.

主要成果:

58%的巴西主要作物依赖于动物授粉;96.8%的市政当局容易受到授粉器故障的影响.
大豆,咖啡,棉花,番茄和可可占全部授粉经济价值的84%.
脆弱性和EVP与人类发展指数,GDP,息地丧失和农田面积有正相关,但与人类足迹和低收入农民有负相关. 大豆种植掩盖了差异,EVP随着人类足迹的增加而减少.

结论:

授粉器的故障对巴西农业构成重大风险,影响了大多数城市和农作物.
大豆生产掩盖了对受粉风险的潜在社会和区域脆弱性.
促进对授粉者友好,多样化的农业对于粮食安全至关重要,特别是对脆弱热带地区的低收入农民来说,增强生态系统服务和福祉.

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