病原体是由高空飞行的风媒蚊子传播的
Roland Bamou1, Adama Dao2, Alpha S Yaro2
1Division of Intramural Research, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852.
概括
高飞的蚊子,包括诸如Culex和Aedes等常见的属,携带诸如疟疾和登革热病毒等众多病原体. 这种空中迁移突出了以前被低估的长距离疾病传播的重要途径.
科学领域:
- 媒介性疾病流行病学 媒介性疾病流行病学
- 航空生物学和昆虫学
- 病原体传播动态 病原体传播动态
背景情况:
- 蚊子传播的疾病 (如疟疾,登革热) 导致全球显著的死亡率.
- 蚊子的高海拔风流迁移已被记录,但其流行病学作用尚不清楚.
- 飞蚊传播长距离病原体的可能性需要直接调查.
研究的目的:
- 为了测试高飞蚊子在长距离传播病原体的假设.
- 调查蚊子高海拔迁徙的流行病学意义.
- 在蚊子群体中描述病原体-载体空中网络.
主要方法:
- 在马里和加纳120-290米海拔处使用气球悬挂网收集了1017只雌性蚊子.
- 对蚊子进行了树虫病毒查,Haemosporida (Plasmodium spp. ) 和filariae. 这是一个很好的例子.
- 确定了感染和传染率,并确定了特定的病原体和蚊子物种.
主要成果:
- 在高海拔地区收集了61种蚊子,包括Culex,Aedes和Anopheles.
- 发现了重要的感染率:Plasmodium spp. (7.2%),菲拉里亚 (1.6%) 和病毒 (3.5%).
- 确定了21种病原体,在几种物种中传播感染,证实了病原体携带能力.
结论:
- 高空飞行的蚊子通常被各种病原体感染,包括树虫病毒,原生动物和虫.
- 高海拔蚊子传播的感染证明了它们在长距离传播病原体的能力.
- 这种空中病原体-载体网络对于维持野生病原体和在新地点发起疫情至关重要.
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