为什么中年人使用或避免医疗服务? 对社会和人口统计学决定因素的研究
Seyed Abbas Hoseinalipour1, Maryam Farhadian2,3, Akram Karimi-Shahanjarini1,4
1Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene
|November 26, 2025
概括
人们对服务的认识较低,年龄和性别的差异显著限制了伊朗中年人使用预防性护理. 有针对性的健康素养计划和改善的沟通对于增加医疗保健准入至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 卫生社会学 卫生社会学
背景情况:
- 中年人面临着独特的健康挑战,但往往未充分利用预防性护理.
- 伊朗拥有强大的初级医疗保健 (PHC) 系统,但在这个人口群体中仍然存在利用差距.
- 了解社会和人口因素是改善中年人获得预防护理的关键.
研究的目的:
- 调查伊朗科姆市中年成年人医疗保健服务利用的社会和人口因素.
- 确定这一群体中预防性护理获取障碍和促进者的障碍.
- 为制定有针对性的,以社区为基础的查和干预策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及697名年龄在30-59岁的成年人的横截面研究在Qom的贫困地区进行.
- 采用了集群抽样,通过电话访谈收集的数据评估了对PHC服务的认识,利用和满意度.
- 使用多变量物流回归分析来确定服务利用率的预测指标.
主要成果:
- 中老年人对医疗服务的认识很低 (11.8%),过去一年的利用率有限 (24.2%).
- 女性 (35.3%) 和老年人 (50-59岁:31.1%) 与男性 (13.9%) 和年轻人 (30-39岁:19.6%) 相比,使用率更高.
- 意识是利用率最强的预测因素 (22.4倍增加的几率);不满是由于沟通问题,拥挤和被认为是员工无能为力.
结论:
- 中年成年人使用初级医疗保健受到低意识和严重的性别和年龄差异的阻碍.
- 干预措施应侧重于提高健康素养,通过员工培训改善患者与医疗服务提供者的沟通,并解决诸如过度拥挤等系统性问题.
- 针对男性和年轻成年人的有针对性的宣传对于实现公平的预防性护理覆盖率至关重要.
相关概念视频
Dimensions of Health and Illness
10.2K
The factors influencing the health-illness continuum can be internal or external and may or may not be under conscious control. They are related to the following eight human dimensions, and each dimension is interrelated to one other.
10.2K
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age
180
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
180
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion
223
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
223
Factors Affecting Illness
5.0K
When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
5.0K
Relationship Formation
45.2K
What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...
45.2K
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients
214
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
214


