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Updated: Jan 10, 2026

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A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
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对阿尔茨海默氏症病理生物学的嗅觉活检分析跨疾病阶段
Vincent M D'Anniballe1, Sarah Kim2, John B Finlay1
1Medical Scientist Training Program, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|November 26, 2025
概括
早期阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 涉及神经炎症,可以在嗅觉神经元中检测到. 这项研究使用嗅觉活检来识别T细胞和髓状细胞的变化,为临床前阿尔茨海默病提供了一个新的窗口.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是一种进展性神经退行性疾病,全球有数百万人受到影响.
- 阿尔茨海默病的早期病理变化很难研究,因为神经组织无法进入.
- 嗅觉功能障碍是阿尔茨海默病的常见早期症状,表明可访问的神经通路.
研究的目的:
- 通过可访问的嗅觉神经元,研究阿尔茨海默病的早期病理生物学事件.
- 在临床前和临床AD阶段识别T细胞,髓状细胞和嗅觉神经元中的保存的神经炎症变化.
- 建立一个新的平台,用于分析AD最早阶段的神经组织.
主要方法:
- 单细胞RNA测序是在22名受试者的嗅觉刷活检上进行的.
- 参与者包括健康的对照组,生物标志物确认的AD个体和具有临床前AD生物标志物的认知典型个体.
- 分析的重点是确定与神经炎症和神经元损伤相关的细胞和分子变化.
主要成果:
- 确定了T细胞,髓状细胞和嗅觉神经元的保存变化,即使在临床前AD中也可以检测到.
- 激活的记忆T细胞状态是临床前AD的关键特征,反映了晚期疾病中的T细胞表型.
- 观察到微状炎症程序和嗅觉神经元炎症损伤的证据.
结论:
- 嗅觉刷活检为研究早期阿尔茨海默氏症病理学提供了一个可行的平台.
- 神经炎症,涉及T细胞和髓状细胞,在AD连续的早期存在.
- 这些发现为阿尔茨海默病中最早的分子和细胞事件提供了新的见解.
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