滞后的类型异质性反映出一个进化稳定的投注对冲策略
Abir George1, Ned S Wingreen2, Gautam Reddy3
1Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|November 26, 2025
概括
酵母菌种群通过多样化而适应环境变化,进入不同的菌群.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 系统生物学 系统生物学
背景情况:
- 单细胞酵母实验揭示了两种遗传性表型:在不利条件下"停止者" (不生长) 和"恢复者" (延迟生长).
- 这些现象型的共存是一个强大的现象,但它的进化稳定性和健康含义尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 确定捕获器和回收器的混合策略是否代表了酵母菌中的进化稳定策略.
- 为了确定表型的最佳分布,最大限度地提高长期人口适应性在波动的环境中.
- 阐明增长滞后权衡有利于表型异质性的生理基础.
主要方法:
- 使用动态编程框架在随机切换环境中建模适应性最大化的表型分布.
- 开发了一种集代谢,生长和酶分配的最小模型,以解释生长滞后权衡的生理起源.
主要成果:
- 结合阻断型和恢复型现象的异质策略最大限度地提高了长期人口健康状况,跨越了各种增长滞后的权衡.
- 该研究发现了一种权力法增长滞后权衡,有利于表型异质性.
- 在野生酵母菌株和进化分离物中观察到恢复者和其滞后时间之间的预测关系.
结论:
- 现型异质性,包括捕捉器和回收器,是酵母在不断变化的环境中具有进化优势的策略.
- 这些发现表明,进化中的"静电"机制能够快速适应环境变化.
相关概念视频
01:49Hardy-Weinberg Principle
75.9K
Diploid organisms have two alleles of each gene, one from each parent, in their somatic cells. Therefore, each individual contributes two alleles to the gene pool of the population. The gene pool of a population is the sum of every allele of all genes within that population and has some degree of variation. Genetic variation is typically expressed as a relative frequency, which is the percentage of the total population that has a given allele, genotype or phenotype.
75.9K
01:39Epistasis
50.0K
In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
50.0K
01:07Speciation Rates
22.5K
Overview
22.5K
01:49Law of Segregation
77.4K
When crossing pea plants, Mendel noticed that one of the parental traits would sometimes disappear in the first generation of offspring, called the F1 generation, and could reappear in the next generation (F2). He concluded that one of the traits must be dominant over the other, thereby causing masking of one trait in the F1 generation. When he crossed the F1 plants, he found that 75% of the offspring in the F2 generation had the dominant phenotype, while 25% had the recessive phenotype.
77.4K
01:46Types of Selection
43.8K
Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
43.8K
02:32Position-effect Variegation
7.0K
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
7.0K