多变量环境暴露体现在青年人的全脑功能连接和认知中
Sarah D Lichenstein1, Yihe Weng1, Heather Robinson2,3
1Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|November 26, 2025
概括
环境暴露,或暴露组,影响儿童的大脑发育和认知功能. 这项研究发现,特定的大脑连接模式将暴露组与青少年的认知联系起来.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 暴露组,包括一个人的环境暴露总量,显著影响年轻人的认知神经发育.
- 以前的研究将一般的暴露因子与青少年的认知能力和大脑网络组织联系起来.
- 了解这些联系对于制定支持积极青年发展的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查改变的功能性大脑连接是否调解了早期青少年暴露和认知表现之间的关系.
- 识别与曝光组分数相关的功能连接的特定模式.
- 确定这些连接模式是否与认知能力的个体差异相关.
主要方法:
- 利用数据驱动的全脑机器学习方法 (基于连接组的统计推断) 来研究青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究的数据.
- 在三个认知任务和休息时分析了功能连接性.
- 采用了10倍的交叉验证,超过100次代,以实现可靠的模型识别.
主要成果:
- 在任务和休息条件中,与暴露体得分相关的一致识别的功能连接,具有显著的模型性能 (r = 0.34-0.44,p < .001).
- 在不同的数据收集站点中,研究结果是稳定的.
- 跨模型的共同功能连接与一般认知,执行功能和学习/记忆领域的认知表现有显著的关联 (p < 0.0009).
结论:
- 多维环境暴露体现在大脑功能连接的独特模式中.
- 这些连接模式作为一种潜在的机制,将暴露组与青少年的认知功能联系起来.
- 这项研究为有针对性的干预提供了基础,以减轻对认知发展的负面环境影响.
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