揭开肠肝轴:人体免疫功能的幕后"操纵者"
Peizhe Li1, Yu Wang1, Yanan Dong1
1Department of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China.
Frontiers in immunology
|November 26, 2025
概括
肠肝轴影响肠与肝之间的免疫调节. 了解这一轴为PSC,MAFLD和IBD等免疫相关疾病提供了新的策略.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 肠肝轴通过血管,胆道,神经和淋巴系统促进肠和肝之间的双向通信.
- 这个轴对于通过先天性和适应性免疫的相互作用来维持免疫平衡至关重要,平衡炎症和耐受性.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查肠肝轴的生理途径和免疫调节机制.
- 探索肠肝轴功能障碍与免疫媒介疾病 (如原发性硬化胆炎 (PSC),代谢相关脂肪肝疾病 (MAFLD) 和炎症性肠病 (IBD) 之间的联系.
- 讨论针对肠肝轴治疗疾病的转化潜力.
主要方法:
- 关于生理路径,免疫调节机制和疾病关联的文献综述.
- 分析肠道微生物群代谢物,细胞因子和化学因子在肠肝免疫中的作用.
- 检查病理状况,如失能症和影响轴的胆酸代谢障碍.
主要成果:
- 肠道微生物群代谢物和细胞因子 (例如IL-6) 影响免疫细胞分化 (例如Tregs) 和肠肝免疫协同作用.
- 失生症,内毒素转移和改变的胆酸代谢破坏了通过肠肝轴的免疫调节.
- 向便微生物群移植和法尔内索伊德X受体 (FXR) 激动剂显示出治疗前景.
结论:
- 肠肝轴是肠与肝之间的免疫反应的关键调解器.
- 肠肝轴的异常与各种免疫相关疾病有关.
- 未来的研究重点是单细胞相互作用和个性化干预,可以为免疫疾病管理建立一个新的范式.
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