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与艾滋病毒相关的脏疾病:进展,差距和未来的方向
Molly C Fisher1, Christina M Wyatt2, Michelle M Estrella3
1Division of Nephrology, Montefiore Medical Center/ Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
Clinical microbiology reviews
|November 26, 2025
概括
艾滋病毒 (PWH) 感染者的慢性病 (CKD) 已经从由艾滋病毒驱动的原因转向与年龄相关的疾病,如糖尿病和高血压. 早期检测和新疗法对于管理PWH中CKD和心血管风险至关重要.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 改变了艾滋病毒治疗,减少了与艾滋病毒相关的病 (HIVAN).
- 慢性病 (CKD) 现在是艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 的重要并发症,原因是衰老和糖尿病和高血压等疾病.
- 在PWH中进行CKD管理是复杂的,尤其是在资源较少的环境中,共感染和查访问有限.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前对艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 病的理解.
- 在现代艾滋病毒护理的背景下,讨论CKD不断变化的流行病学,病变发生,诊断和管理.
- 突出早期CKD检测和管理对于预防进展和心血管并发症的重要性.
主要方法:
- 关于艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 病的最新研究的文献综述.
- 对流行病学趋势,治疗进展和管理策略的分析.
- 综合有关诊断,病原和结果的信息,包括移植.
主要成果:
- 与艾滋病毒相关的脏病 (HIVAN) 随着ART的广泛可用性而减少.
- 与年龄相关的疾病 (糖尿病,高血压) 现在是PWH中CKD的主要驱动因素.
- 新疗法在减少CKD进展和心血管事件方面表现有前途.
- 移植可以改善末期病PWH的存活率.
结论:
- 慢性瘤仍然是艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 的关键问题,由并发症驱动.
- 早期检测,风险因素管理和及时干预对于减缓CKD进展至关重要.
- 对当代ART疗法和新疗法的持续研究是必要的,以进一步降低PWH中病的负担.
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