尿路感染和细菌多药性耐药性在脏移植对功能和移植存活的影响
Hernán Javier Pájaro Huertas1, María Viviana Pantoja Echeverri1, Gustavo Aroca Martínez1,2
1Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Vida, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia.
Clinics and practice
|November 26, 2025
概括
移植患者的尿路感染很常见,与较低的功能有关,并表现出高抗菌素耐药性. 然而,在这项哥伦比亚研究中,尿道感染没有影响长期移植存活率.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 移植手术 移植手术
背景情况:
- 移植是末期病的重要治疗方法.
- 尿路感染 (UTI) 是移植后的常见并发症.
- 了解尿路感染特征和影响对于患者和移植结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估脏移植接受者具有和没有尿路感染的社会人口统计学,临床和微生物学因素.
- 确定尿路感染对功能和移植存活率的影响.
- 确定移植受体中移植损失的预测因素.
主要方法:
- 对163名移植患者 (2015-2020年) 的回顾性,观察性,分析性研究.
- 基于尿路感染状态的临床和微生物学变量的比较.
- 通过卡普兰-梅尔曲线和考克斯回归来评估功能,使用估计的膜过率 (eGFR) 和移植存活率.
主要成果:
- 尿路感染的患病率为17.8%,在尿路感染 (+) 组中女性的比例更高.
- 主要的病原体是大肠杆菌和Klebsiella spp.,具有高的多药性耐药性 (MDR) 和碳烯耐药性.
- 尿路感染患者的EGFR较低,但5年移植存活率在尿路感染 (+) 和尿路感染 (-) 组之间是可比的.
- 基线eGFR和机构转诊是移植损失的独立预测因素;尿道感染与风险增加无关.
结论:
- 亚特兰蒂科的移植后尿道感染的特点是高抗菌耐药性和功能下降.
- 尽管功能较低,但尿路感染并没有显著影响移植存活率.
- 抗菌药物管理和机构优化对于改善移植患者的治疗结果至关重要.
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