节奏和扭矩在疲劳相关功率输出下降中的作用 骑自行车的伟大纪念碑
Alejandro Javaloyes1, Jose Luis Sánchez-Jiménez2, Iván Peña-González1
1Department of Sport Sciences, Sports Research Centre, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain.
Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 26, 2025
概括
精英骑自行车的人保持更高的输出功率和扭矩,表现出更高的疲劳抵抗力. 这凸显了扭矩可持续性和耐力训练对于职业自行车运动成功的重要性.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 专业骑自行车的表现依赖于疲劳下持续的功率输出.
- 了解像节奏和扭矩这样的生物力学因素对于精英表现至关重要.
- 五座纪念碑赛事对骑自行车者提出了极端的生理要求.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究节奏和扭矩对职业自行车手功率输出下降的影响.
- 为了比较前五名的生物力学特征,与排名第六至第30位的骑自行车者进行比较.
- 确定与耐疲劳性相关的关键性能差异化因素.
主要方法:
- 从2021-2023年五个纪念碑中对64名男性骑自行车者的数据进行了回顾性分析.
- 在最大努力和高工作负载期间构建输出功率 (PO),节奏和扭矩配置文件.
- 使用重复测量ANOVA和Pearson相关性的统计分析来评估群体差异和关系.
主要成果:
- 排名前五的骑自行车者与排名较低的竞争对手相比,表现出明显更高的PO和扭矩,特别是在长时间的努力中.
- 排名前五的骑自行车者在短时间,高强度的努力中表现出较低的节奏.
- 扭矩与PO (r=0.6-0.9) 呈现出强烈的正相关性,而节奏在疲劳下有较弱的相关性 (r=0.1-0.5).
结论:
- 精英骑自行车者拥有卓越的耐用性,在苛刻的努力中保持更高的扭矩和功率输出,并保持稳定的节奏.
- 更高的扭矩产生和持续的功率输出是区分耐力骑自行车中表现最佳的关键生物机械特征.
- 训练策略应强调扭矩可持续性和耐疲劳性,以提高精英自行车运动的表现.
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