开放式ICU模型和人性化的护理:系统性审查
Paula Andrea Duque1, Sara Quintero Duque1
1School of Nursing, University Catholic of Manizales, Manizales 170001, Colombia.
Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy)
|November 26, 2025
概括
开放式重症监护室 (ICU) 的人性化护理通过增强情感支持和家庭参与来改善患者的福祉. 这种方法可以减少焦虑,培养信任,从而改善患者的治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 患者体验 患者体验
- 医疗保健管理的管理
背景情况:
- 传统的闭门重症监护室 (ICU) 可以通过有限的访问和非个性化对患者产生负面影响.
- 改变昼夜节律和心理困扰在高科技ICU环境中很常见.
- 越来越多的趋势强调社会和心理支持,导致采用开门ICU模型.
研究的目的:
- 评估包括社会和心理支持在内的人性化的护理对开放式ICU患者结果的影响.
- 探索开放式ICU概念如何促进改善患者福祉.
- 评估在重症监护机构的人性化护理策略的有效性.
主要方法:
- 系统性审查遵循系统性审查和元分析 (PRISMA 2020) 准则的首选报告项目.
- 在6个数据库 (LILACS,SciELO,PubMed,Scopus,ScienceDirect,Dialnet) 中使用MeSH和DeCS术语进行全面的文献搜索.
- 用定性编码技术 (开放式,轴向式,选择性) 分析了2018-2025年间发表的50项精选研究.
主要成果:
- 三个新兴类别:患者和家庭对ICU护理的看法,灵活的访问和技术调解,以及以人性化为中心的护理.
- 人性化的护理元素与改善的情感福祉和减少患者焦虑有关.
- 观察到家庭和医疗保健专业人员之间的沟通改善和信任增加.
结论:
- 人性化的护理实践对于改善开门ICU患者的治疗结果至关重要.
- 灵活的访问,情感/精神支持,尊重的沟通和家庭参与是富有同情心,以患者为中心的关键组成部分.
- 建议包括制定机构政策,积极支持患者及其家人的人性化.
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