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相关概念视频

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

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In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
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Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

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Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
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The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
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Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
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Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
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CTCF-RNA相互作用编排细胞特异性染色蛋白循环组织.

Kimberly Lucero1,2, Sungwook Han2,3,4, Pin-Yao Huang2

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

与RNA的CCCCTC结合因子 (CTCF) 相互作用对于维持细胞特异性基因组结构至关重要. 破坏CTCF的行为

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科学领域:

  • 基因组学就是基因组学.
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 发展生物学 发展生物学

背景情况:

  • CCCTC-结合因子 (CTCF) 对于染色体组织至关重要.
  • CTCF与内源RNA相互作用,其ZF1RNA结合区域对于染色体循环形成至关重要.
  • 在细胞分化过程中CTCF-ZF1RNA相互作用的作用尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 研究细胞分化过程中CTCF-ZF1RNA相互作用的功能意义.
  • 为了确定CTCF-ZF1RNA相互作用是否是维持细胞类型特定的染色质结构和基因调节所必需的.

主要方法:

  • 使用小鼠胚胎干细胞 (ESC) 到神经原生细胞 (NPC) 差异化模型.
  • 在分化细胞中表达了一种缺乏ZF1RNA结合区域 (CTCF-∆ZF1) 的CTCF突变.
  • 分析了染色体循环结构和基因表达特征.
  • 识别和操纵NPC特定的CTCF-ZF1相互作用RNA (例如Podxl,Grb10).

主要成果:

  • 在分化过程中,CTCF-ZF1对于维持细胞类型特定的染色质循环至关重要.
  • CTCF-∆ZF1的表达破坏了染色质循环和参与神经元发育的失调基因.
  • 特定于NPC的RNAs,Podxl和Grb10,被确定为CTCF-ZF1相互作用体.
  • 切断这些RNA破坏了染色质循环,模仿了CTCF-∆ZF1效应.

结论:

  • CTCF-ZF1 RNA相互作用对于保持细胞特异性基因组组织至关重要.
  • 这些相互作用在分化过程中在维持细胞身份方面发挥着关键作用.
  • 对CTCF-ZF1RNA相互作用的失调会导致异常的基因表达和发育缺陷.