为等待门诊心理治疗的患者提供跨诊断认知控制培训:随机临床试验
Maximilian Blomberg1,2, Lisa Oberender2, Ernst Koster3
1Department of Clinical Psychology and Translational Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Münster, Fliednerstrasse 21, Münster, 48149, Germany, 49 2518334158.
JMIR mHealth and uHealth
|November 26, 2025
概括
移动认知控制训练并没有改善精神困扰,但增强了认知控制技能. 对于情绪调节和焦虑症状的好处在以后的随访中出现,这表明潜在的长期影响.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 临床研究 临床研究
背景情况:
- 认知控制对于情绪调节至关重要,在抑郁症和焦虑症等精神障碍中经常受到损害.
- 认知控制训练显示了改善情绪调节和减少重复性负面思维障碍中的痛苦的前景.
研究的目的:
- 研究在等待心理治疗的跨诊断门诊样本中移动认知控制训练的有效性.
- 评估认知控制训练对精神困扰,情绪调节和认知控制能力的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个随机的临床优越性试验,涉及80名患有各种精神障碍的门诊患者.
- 参与者接受了10次移动认知控制训练 (Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test - PASAT) 或主动控制任务.
- 包括精神困扰 (霍普金斯症状检查表-11),认知控制,情绪调节和疾病特异性症状在内的结果在基线,训练后和3个月和6个月的随访期间被测量.
主要成果:
- 认知控制训练在训练后立即没有显著改善全球心理痛苦.
- 训练后立即观察到认知控制的显著改善,并在3个月和6个月的随访中保持.
- 在3个月的随访中,参与者表现出情绪调节和焦虑症状的困难减少. 在6个月的随访中,观察到自适应性认知情绪调节和减少社会焦虑.
结论:
- 移动认知控制训练 (PASAT) 在跨诊断的门诊患者样本中没有在改善全球心理困境方面表现出优越性.
- 虽然没有直接影响整体痛苦,但这项训练在增强认知控制方面表现出有效性,并在随后的随访中改善了情绪调节和特定焦虑症状.
- 建议进行更大规模的研究,以探索移动认知控制干预措施的调解途径和调节因素,例如训练次数.
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