通过在遮蔽物体表面上涂上化物纳米颗粒来提高昆虫病原病毒的紫外线抵抗力
Jia Wang1, Zhongqiang Wu2, Xiaoqin Yang1
1Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
Virologica Sinica
|November 26, 2025
概括
用二氧化纳米颗粒涂覆昆虫病毒显著提高了它们的紫外线抵抗力和现场有效性. 这种光保护策略提高了生物杀虫剂的稳定性,并延长了昆虫病原病毒的生存期.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 纳米技术 纳米技术
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 昆虫病原病毒是有价值的生物杀虫剂,但在现场条件下易受紫外线无活化的影响.
- 有限的光稳定性限制了baculovirus和cypovirus在农业和林业中的更广泛应用.
研究的目的:
- 使用二氧化纳米粒子涂层增强昆虫病毒封闭体 (OBs) 的紫外线抵抗力.
- 评估二氧化纳米颗粒涂层对昆虫病原病毒的致病性和现场疗效的影响.
主要方法:
- 通过斯托伯方法合成单分散纳米粒子 (SiO2NP).
- 修改的SiO2NP与氨化,以实现正面电荷的静电相互作用与负电荷的病毒OBs.
- 用氨基功能化SiO2NP涂层的核聚合体病毒,细粒病毒和cypovirus的OBs.
- 进行了实验室生物测试和户外试验,以评估紫外线照射后的病毒效力和存活时间.
主要成果:
- 氨基功能化SiO2NP通过静电相互作用成功涂在病毒OB上.
- SiO2-NH2 NP-涂层的马梅斯特拉布拉西卡多核聚合体病毒 (MbMNPV) 显示在紫外线暴露后的强度是未涂层病毒的2.299-2.712倍.
- 户外试验表明,由于SiO2-NH2 NP涂层,MbMNPV的中位生存时间从1.43天增加到5.15天.
结论:
- 纳米粒子涂层是一种有效的策略,用于开发光稳定性肠病原体病毒生物杀虫剂.
- 这种方法可以保持病毒病原性和生态安全,同时增强紫外线抵抗力.
- 模块化涂层方法为各种昆虫病原病毒配方提供了广泛的适用性.
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