[TNF-α抑制剂:其在肺病学中的指示和潜在毒性]
1Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, HUPSSD hôpital Jean-Verdier, service de médecine interne, centre d'immunologie et des maladies infectieuses, UMRS SU, Inserm U1135, CNRS EMR 8255, avenue du 14 Juillet, 93140 Bondy, France.
Revue des maladies respiratoires
|November 26, 2025
概括
抗瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α) 疗法在肺部疾病中的应用有限,尽管它们在其他炎症状况中有效. 需要进一步的研究来澄清它们的作用,并优化它们在肺病学中的使用.
科学领域:
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 瘤亡因子-α (TNF-α) 在炎症和颗粒瘤形成中至关重要,涉及到诸如肉病和结核病之类的肺部疾病.
- 抗TNF-α生物疗法虽然对慢性炎症疾病有效,但在肺病学中应用有限.
- 抗TNF-α药物在肺部疾病中的有效性和安全性需要进一步调查,目前的建议是反对一线使用.
研究的目的:
- 审查抗TNF-α疗法在肺部疾病中的当前作用和挑战.
- 讨论在结核病患者或经历矛盾反应的患者中管理抗TNF-α治疗的复杂性.
- 探索在肺病学中优化抗TNF-α治疗的未来方向.
主要方法:
- 在肺部疾病中对抗TNF-α治疗的文献综述.
- 分析临床试验数据和治疗指南.
- 讨论不良事件,治疗修改和新出现的治疗策略.
主要成果:
- 抗TNF-α药物不是肺部疾病的第一线治疗方法,原因是尚未证明的疗效和潜在的风险.
- 同时使用甲状腺素可能会减轻对抗抗TNF-α治疗的免疫.
- 在结核病患者中停止抗TNF-α治疗可能会导致矛盾的恶化,需要仔细评估好处与风险.
结论:
- 抗TNF-α剂在肺病学中的作用仍然有限,这凸显了针对性治疗的必要性.
- 选择性向TNFR1受体可能会提高疗效并减少不良影响.
- 需要更明确的标准来管理反TNF-α疗法在矛盾反应或诱导颗粒瘤症的情况下.
相关概念视频
01:18Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists
427
Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoactive peptides critical in the human body's various physiological and pathological processes. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves counteracting the effects of these endothelins using a class of drugs known as endothelin receptor antagonists.
ETs are synthesized through a complex sequence of enzymatic steps, primarily involving an enzyme referred to as endothelin-converting enzyme...
ETs are synthesized through a complex sequence of enzymatic steps, primarily involving an enzyme referred to as endothelin-converting enzyme...
427
01:27Adrenergic Antagonists: Pharmacological Actions of β-Receptor Blockers
1.5K
β-receptor blockers significantly impact the cardiovascular system by counteracting catecholamine-induced sympathetic responses. These medications decrease heart rate, contractility, and cardiac output, potentially leading to cardiac depression, life-threatening bradycardia, and death. Therapeutically, β-blockers function as mild antihypertensives and are utilized in treating angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmias. However, nonselective β-blockers inhibit β2-receptors in...
1.5K
01:26Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers
419
Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are two critical categories of drugs employed in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). PAH is a disease that causes high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, resulting in chest pain, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
TKIs, such as imatinib (Gleevec), are particularly effective in tackling the growth and mitogenic factors that become upregulated in PAH patients. These factors contribute to the...
TKIs, such as imatinib (Gleevec), are particularly effective in tackling the growth and mitogenic factors that become upregulated in PAH patients. These factors contribute to the...
419
01:22Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers
741
β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR). They have several beneficial effects in heart failure treatment. They reduce heart rate, the force of contraction, and cardiac muscle relaxation. They also slow the atrial-ventricular conduction rate and raise the threshold for arrhythmias. The concentration of β-blockers determines their effects on bronchodilation,...
741
01:16Antianginal Drugs: Nitrates and β-Blockers
1.3K
In cardiovascular health, antianginal drugs combat angina pectoris — a condition marked by chest pain owing to diminished blood flow to the heart.
Organic nitrates, such as nitroglycerin, play a pivotal role. Once metabolized, they liberate nitric oxide, a molecular marvel. Nitric oxide triggers guanylyl cyclase and augments cGMP production. This biochemical cascade orchestrates the relaxation of vascular smooth muscles, ushering in vasodilation and enhancing coronary blood flow....
Organic nitrates, such as nitroglycerin, play a pivotal role. Once metabolized, they liberate nitric oxide, a molecular marvel. Nitric oxide triggers guanylyl cyclase and augments cGMP production. This biochemical cascade orchestrates the relaxation of vascular smooth muscles, ushering in vasodilation and enhancing coronary blood flow....
1.3K
01:25Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists
1.6K
Bronchodilators are critical in managing asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway constriction due to inflammation and hyper-reactivity. Specifically, bronchodilators ease this constriction by relaxing the bronchial muscles, facilitating easier breathing.
One class of bronchodilators includes β2-adrenoceptor agonists. These agents target the β2-adrenoceptors located on bronchial smooth muscle cells. By stimulating these receptors, β2-agonists induce...
One class of bronchodilators includes β2-adrenoceptor agonists. These agents target the β2-adrenoceptors located on bronchial smooth muscle cells. By stimulating these receptors, β2-agonists induce...
1.6K