增强的YOLOv11框架用于印刷电路板的高精度缺陷检测
1Engineering Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt. zeinab_elsharkawy@yahoo.com.
Scientific reports
|November 26, 2025
概括
本研究介绍了YOLOv11-PCB,这是一个先进的深度学习系统,用于自动检测印刷电路板 (PCB) 缺陷. 它显著提高了识别关键PCB缺陷的准确性和速度,提高了电子产品的可靠性.
科学领域:
- 计算机视觉 计算机视觉
- 深度学习 (Deep Learning) 是一种深度学习.
- 电子制造业 电子制造业
背景情况:
- 印刷电路板 (PCB) 的自动缺陷检测对于电子可靠性至关重要.
- 传统的检查方法存在主观性问题,劳动力成本高,适应能力有限.
- 现有的深度学习模型可能缺乏复杂PCB缺陷识别的效率和准确性.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个增强的深度学习框架,YOLOv11-PCB,用于PCB的高精度自动缺陷检测.
- 通过整合用于自适应特征提取和精细界限框回归的新型模块来改进现有方法.
- 为了实现实时处理速度,同时保持卓越的检测性能.
主要方法:
- 拟议的YOLOv11-PCB框架包含一个高效多尺度注意力 (EMA) 模块,用于自适应性特征提取.
- 内容意识重组特征 (CARAFE) 机制用于动态感应场调整.
- 实现了精细的高效交叉与联盟 (EIoU) 损失函数,以优化界限框回归.
主要成果:
- 在北京大学的PCB数据集上,YOLOv11-PCB实现了99.5%的mAP@0.5和90.7%的mAP@0.5:0.95,超过了9.7%的基线.
- 在DeepPCB数据集上,它达到98.9%和81%的mAP,显示出显著的改进.
- 该系统以每秒227.2 (FPS) 的速度处理,在精度和效率上都超过了最先进的方法.
结论:
- YOLOv11-PCB展示了对关键PCB缺陷的强大和高效检测,如桥,缺失的部件和断裂.
- 该框架满足工业吞吐量要求,同时提供更高的准确性.
- 拟议的创新有助于推进电子制造业的自动化光学检查.
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