为可靠的铁路运输做出贡献:人工智能驱动的实时轮胎缺陷检测和检测
Muhammad Zakir Shaikh1,2,3, Enrique Nava Baro4, Sahil Jatoi5,6
1School of Industrial Engineering, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. zakir.shaikh@faculty.muet.edu.pk.
Scientific reports
|November 26, 2025
概括
本研究介绍了一种人工智能框架,用于使用YOLO和RTD变压器模型实时检测铁路车轮缺陷. 通过预测性维护,YOLOv5-seg模型实现了高精度和速度,提高了铁路安全.
科学领域:
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 铁路工程 铁路工程是指铁路工程.
背景情况:
- 铁路运输对于经济增长和区域一体化至关重要.
- 车轮缺陷是一个重要的安全风险,并导致铁路的财务损失.
- 实时监控对于早期检测和预防铁路车轮故障至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估基于人工智能的框架,用于实时检测铁路车轮缺陷.
- 解决数据集创建的挑战,包括类不平衡和注释.
- 展示AI模型在运营铁路环境中的实际部署.
主要方法:
- 开发一个定制的路边成像系统,以捕获高分辨率图像.
- 创建用于培训和评估的FaultSeg数据集.
- 评估先进的你只看一次 (YOLO) 模型 (v5-v12) 和实时检测 (RTD) 变压器模型.
- 广泛的超参数调整为最佳的模型性能.
主要成果:
- YOLOv5-seg型号实现了卓越的性能,精度为91%,回忆率为90%,mAP@0.5.5的92%的回忆率.
- 实时处理速度达到30 FPS,延迟时间低于30 ms.
- 优化模型已成功部署在边缘设备上,用于操作使用.
结论:
- 这种基于人工智能的框架可以有效地实时检测铁路车轮缺陷.
- 开发的系统增强了预测性维护策略,并改善了铁路的整体安全.
- 这项工作为公开可用的数据集做出了贡献,并展示了在铁路状况监测中人工智能的实际应用.
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