中年和老年人的社会隔离和肺功能:在两个人群中确定可修改的途径
Yihui Du1, Xiaoqing Ni1, Zhaoyang Zhao1
1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
BMC public health
|November 27, 2025
概括
社会孤立与45岁以上成年人肺功能减弱有关. 收入和吸烟等因素在美国中介于这种影响,而BMI在中国是关键因素,突出了呼吸系统健康的文化差异.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 关于社会隔离与肺功能之间的联系的研究有限.
- 关联社会隔离和呼吸系统健康下降的潜在机制尚未得到充分探索.
- 这项研究调查了社会隔离对不同人群肺功能和调解因素的影响.
研究的目的:
- 检查社会隔离与肺功能下降之间的关联.
- 确定吸烟,收入,体力活动和身体质量指数 (BMI) 在这种关系中的中介作用.
- 为了比较45岁及以上的美国和中国成年人群中的这些关联和途径.
主要方法:
- 使用了来自45岁以上成年人的横截面NHANES (美国) 和纵截面CHARLS (中国) 数据.
- 通过强迫生命能力 (FVC),1秒内强迫呼气量 (FEV1) 和峰值呼气流 (PEF) 评估肺功能.
- 采用加权线性回归和结构方程建模来分析关联和调解途径.
主要成果:
- 在美国和中国的队列中,社会孤立与较低的FVC,FEV1和PEF有显著的相关性.
- 在美国 (NHANES),收入,吸烟,体力活动和BMI介于49.1%-79.3%的关联.
- 在美国,收入是FVC和FEV1的最大媒介;在中国,BMI是PEF的主要媒介.
结论:
- 在美国和中国,社会孤立与老年人的肺功能有着不利的关联.
- 调解途径有很大的不同,在美国收入和生活方式因素占主导地位,在中国BMI占主导地位.
- 文化和社会背景对于理解和解决社会隔离对呼吸系统健康的影响至关重要.
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