青少年的路径偏好分析 身体健康政策工具
Min Wang1, Kaiyuan Yang1, Lanchuan Zhang2
1School of Economics and Management, Chengdu Sport University, #2 tiyuan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
BMC public health
|November 27, 2025
概括
在中国,有效的青少年体育参与战略需要灵活的,针对特定地区的政策组合. 政策制定者应该平衡实质性和激励工具与能力建设和说服力方法,以获得"健康中国2030"倡议中更好的结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 政策分析 政策分析
背景情况:
- 青少年的身体健康是一个全球性挑战,中国体育参与率低,阻碍了健康中国2030倡议.
- 了解政策工具的综合效应和区域适应性对于改善青年体育活动至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索政策工具的不同组合如何影响中国青年体育参与.
- 确定有效的政策配置,以加强不同地区的青年体育活动.
主要方法:
- 一种混合方法方法,结合了程序基础理论和模糊集定性比较分析 (fsQCA).
- 分析了39个国家青年身体健康政策和25个省级案例.
- 确定四种政策工具类型:实质性,激励性,能力建设性和象征性/说服性.
主要成果:
- 确定了三个成功的政策配置: (1) 实质性,激励性和能力建设工具; (2) 实质性,激励性和象征性/说服性工具 (能力建设不必); (3) 象征性/说服性和能力建设工具 (非强制性途径).
- 具体的省级例子说明了不同的工具组合如何取得成功,例如江苏使用制度胁迫和激励,宁关注问责制,广东对健康概念的内部化.
- 政策的有效性各不相同,一些地区成功地取代或省略了基于资源限制和文化背景的某些工具类型.
结论:
- 中国的政策制定者往往优先考虑实质性和激励工具,可能忽视能力建设和说服力战略.
- 为优化青年体育参与,建议采用灵活的,具体区域的方法,考虑当地资源和文化背景.
- 研究结果为世界卫生组织在各种社会经济环境中的体力活动全球行动计划提供了实际指导.
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