在智利和来自中南部智利的移民妇女中,粮食不安全和相关风险因素的高患病率
Alejandra Rodríguez-Fernández1,2,3,4, Juana María Delgado-Saborit3,5, Paula Carrasco3,5,6
1Departamento de Nutrición y Salud Pública, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán 3780000, Chile.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2025
概括
粮食不安全影响着智利近40%的妇女,移民妇女面临的风险是其两倍. 关键因素包括低社会经济地位,单亲家庭,失业和抑郁症,突出了有针对性的支持的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 性别研究是性别研究.
背景情况:
- 粮食不安全 (FI) 是一个重要的全球公共卫生问题.
- 妇女,特别是移民妇女,经历了不成比例的高FI率.
- 关于智利FI脆弱性的性别和移民的交集存在有限的数据.
研究的目的:
- 分析智利中南部生育年龄妇女粮食不安全的患病率和风险因素.
- 调查移民地位和性别对粮食不安全的综合影响.
- 确定导致该人口粮食不安全的关键决定因素.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及2124名女性 (1062名智利女性,1062名移民) 的横截面分析研究.
- 通过对生物社会人口统计变量的结构化问卷收集数据.
- 使用家庭粮食不安全准入量表 (HFIAS) 评估的粮食不安全.
- 多变量逻辑回归模型用于确定风险因素的赔率比率 (OR).
主要成果:
- 整体FI患病率为39.2%,移民 (49%) 显著高于智利人 (29%).
- 在移民女性中,严重的FI的发病率是移民女性的两倍 (18.1%和9.2%).
- 关键的风险因素包括移民身份 (OR=2.61),低社会经济地位 (OR=2.25),有孩子 (OR=1.82),是家庭主管 (OR=1.53),失业 (OR=1.27) 和抑郁 (OR=2.11).
- 失业是移民的重要因素,而年龄是智利妇女的保护因素.
结论:
- 在智利中南部的妇女中,粮食不安全非常普遍,移民妇女尤其脆弱.
- 社会经济地位,家长责任,家庭主管地位和心理健康是FI的关键决定因素.
- 政策干预应整合性别和移民观点,解决获得食品,就业,儿童护理和心理健康服务的问题.
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