决定何时调整:指向目标的社会调整的计算和神经机制
Aial Sobeh1, Simone Shamay-Tsoory1,2
1School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel.
Brain sciences
|November 27, 2025
概括
人类具有与他人保持一致的强烈驱动力,但这种倾向是由目标导向模型调节的. 该模型使用社会决策来确定何时与谁结合,优化适应性的社会行为.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 计算神经科学是一种神经科学.
背景情况:
- 人类行为在各种领域都表现出普遍的社会调整驱动力,包括运动同步,情感传染和信仰融合.
- 目前的解释侧重于预测编码和观察执行机制,但缺乏对社会调整的调节,特别是其适应性背景和目标的洞察力.
研究的目的:
- 提出一个以目标为导向的社会调整模型,整合计算和神经分析.
- 将社会调整重新定义为情境敏感的决策过程,而不是反射倾向.
- 阐明管理适应性社会调整的监管机制.
主要方法:
- 计算建模将对齐形式化为预测错误最小化,并纳入基于对齐值的适应性学习速率的元学习层.
- 神经建模识别精神化网络 (dmPFC,TPJ) 和执行控制网络 (dlPFC,rIFG) 在通过对镜子电路的自上向下控制来调节对齐.
- 整合自我和其他特征/心理状态评估作为监管功能的关键输入.
主要成果:
- 该模型指定了计算和神经回路,用于上下文敏感的社会调整决策.
- 它强调了在从上到下进行控制的精神化网络中更高层次的表征的作用.
- 该框架提供了一个统一的理解适应性社会对齐 (例如,社会学习) 和不适应性结果 (例如,群体思维).
结论:
- 社会调整是一个规范的,以目标为导向的决策过程,而不仅仅是反射的倾向.
- 拟议的模型提供了一个计算和神经基础,以了解个人何时和与谁结合.
- 这个框架产生了可测试的预测,并统一了多个领域的社会调整的各个方面.
相关概念视频
01:28Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior
201
Automatic processing refers to the cognitive operations that occur without conscious intent or awareness, playing a fundamental role in shaping social cognition and behavior. These processes enable individuals to navigate complex social environments efficiently by relying on mental shortcuts and pre-existing knowledge structures known as schemas. One of the most influential mechanisms underlying automatic processing is priming, which subtly activates mental representations through exposure to...
201
01:30Causes of Social Behavior I: Actions and Characteristics of Individuals
257
The actions and characteristics of others heavily influence the causes of social behaviors. Emotional expressions serve as powerful social signals, shaping behaviors and interactions in significant ways. Whether through direct observation or subconscious processing, individuals constantly adjust their responses based on the emotions and attributes of those around them.Emotional Cues and Social ResponsesFacial expressions, tone of voice, and body language provide crucial emotional cues that...
257
01:13Nonconscious Mimicry
5.1K
Nonconscious mimicry occurs when individuals alter their mannerisms to match the behaviors and expressions of those nearby, without intention.
5.1K
02:10Social Scripts
10.2K
People tend to know what behavior is expected of them in specific, familiar settings. A script is a person’s knowledge about the sequence of events expected in a specific setting (Schank & Abelson, 1977). Essentially, scripts are a particular kind of schema, one containing default values for the features within an event. In the restaurant example, the script's features include the props (e.g., tables, menu, food, and money), the roles to be played (e.g., customer and waiter),...
10.2K
00:52Social Proof
31.4K
Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
31.4K
01:26Causes of Similarity-Dissimilarity Effect
244
The similarity-dissimilarity effect, a fundamental concept in social psychology, explains how interpersonal similarities and differences influence attraction and social interactions. This effect is supported by three key psychological perspectives: balance theory, social comparison theory, and consensual validation.Balance Theory and Cognitive ConsistencyBalance theory, developed by Fritz Heider, posits that individuals seek cognitive consistency in their relationships. When two people share...
244