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怀孕前护理和基因查:全面审查和在保加利亚实施战略前景
Eleonora Hristova-Atanasova1, Martina Micallef2, Julia Stivala2
1Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2025
概括
怀孕前护理 (PCC) 通过在怀孕前解决风险,优化母亲和儿童的健康. 保加利亚需要国家PCC战略,包括扩大载体查,以减少不良结果和改善公共卫生.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防医学 预防医学
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
背景情况:
- 孕前护理 (PCC) 对于优化孕前风险的管理来改善母婴健康至关重要.
- 国际指导方针存在,但在低收入和中等收入国家,PCC的实施不一致.
- PCC解决了生物医学,行为,心理社会和遗传风险.
研究的目的:
- 审查关于怀孕前护理干预措施及其实施的证据.
- 评估保加利亚PCC的状况,并确定需要改进的领域.
- 为保加利亚国家PCC战略提出建议.
主要方法:
- 2010-2025年文学的结构化叙事综述.
- 搜索的数据库包括PubMed,科学网,科克兰图书馆和谷歌学者.
- 包括经验研究,指导方针,政策文件和灰色文献,重点关注欧洲和保加利亚的背景.
主要成果:
- 慢性疾病管理,疫苗接种,生活方式优化和扩展载体查 (ECS) 等PCC干预措施可以减少不良妊娠结果和遗传性疾病.
- 有效的国际模式将PCC整合到初级保健中,使用数字健康,并确保公平的获取.
- 保加利亚的PCC发达不够,缺乏常规基因查,国家指导方针和足够的叶酸补充剂;非政府组织和欧盟的倡议提供有限的支持.
结论:
- 保加利亚需要一个协调的国家PCC战略,包括标准化指导方针,提供者培训,数字平台和阶段性ECS引入.
- 加强PCC交付可以降低孕产妇和新生儿的发病率,提高公共卫生系统的可持续性.
- 建议采用由公共资金资助的,以指导方针为导向的全国PCC战略,并逐步引入ECS,以提高公平性和长期系统可持续性.
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